Test vectors for trilinear forms when at least one representation is not supercuspidal (Q604240)

Let \(G\) be \(\text{GL}_2(F)\) where \(F\) is a non-Archimedean local field with uniformizer \(\overline\omega\). We define \[ I_n=\left\{\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\\overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix}\in G:a,d\in{\mathcal O}^\times; b,d\in{\mathcal O}\right\}. \] For \(i= 1,2,3\), let \(V_i\) be an irreducible admissible infinite-dimensional representation of \(G\) with central character \(\omega_i\). Let \(n_i\) be the smallest integer \(n\) such that \[ \left\{v\in V_i:\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\\overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix} v= \omega_i(d) v,\;\forall\begin{pmatrix} a & b\\ \overline\omega^n c & d\end{pmatrix}\in I_n\right\} \] is nonzero. A nonzero vector in this subspace is called a new vector of \(V_i\) and the integer \(n_i\) is called its conductor. It is a result of Prasad that \[ \Hom_G(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3, \mathbb C) \] is at most one-dimensional [\textit{D. Prasad}, Compos. Math. 75, No. 1, 1--46 (1990; Zbl 0731.22013)]. It is nonzero if and only if some epsilon factor \(\varepsilon(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3)= 1\). If a non-zero functional exists, then it is called a trilinear form on \(V_1\otimes V_2\otimes V_3\). Let \(l\) denote a non-zero trilinear form. The question that this paper wants to address is to find a vector \(v= v_1\otimes v_2\otimes v_3\in\bigotimes^3_{i=1} V_i\) such that \(l(v)\neq 0\). Such a vector \(v\) is called a (pure) test vector. Test vectors play an important role in the study of \(L\)-functions of triple products of automorphic representations of \(\text{GL}(2)\). The main result is as follows: Suppose at least one \(V_i\) is not supercuspidal and a nonzero trilinear form exists on \(\otimes V_i\). By replacing each \(V_i\) with \(V_i\otimes\eta_i\) where \(\eta_i\) is a character of \(G\), we suppose that the \(V_i\)'s attain a condition known as minimal. See Definition 1 in the paper for the definition of minimal. Suppose the conductors satisfy \(n_1,n_2\leq n_3\). If two of the \(n_i\)'s are the same, we further assume that the third \(V_i\) is an unramified principal series representation. Then the main theorem states that \(v_1\otimes\gamma^{n_3- n_2} v_2\otimes v_3\) and \(\gamma^{n_3- n_1} v_1\otimes v_2\otimes v_3\) are both test vectors.