Endpoint \(\ell^r\) improving estimates for prime averages (Q6043367)

The authors of the paper under review consider discrete averages over the prime integers, where the averages are weighted by the von Mangoldt function. They prove sharp \(\ell^p\)- improving for these averages, and sparse bounds for the maximal function. There are stated unconditional results, and those that depend upon the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis. The proof uses the circle method to approximate the Fourier multiplier, following [\textit{J. Bourgain}, Isr. J. Math. 61, No. 1, 73--84 (1988; Zbl 0642.28011)]. In the unconditional case, a classical theorem by Page is used, which leads to the appearance of exceptional characters in the circle method. The results and their connections with harmonic analysis are too complicated to be stated here.