The distribution of the large partial quotients in continued fraction expansions (Q6045563)

This paper deals with partial quotients of continued fraction expansions and the metric theory of points with at least two large partial quotients. The importance of partial quotients in the metric theory of continued fractions is explained. Relations of continued fractions with Diophantine approximations are described. Also, the authors note that ``the existence of large partial quotients destroys many limit theorems in the metric theory of continued fractions. To achieve some variant forms of limit theorems, a common approach mostly used in practice is to discard the largest partial quotient, while this approach works in obtaining limit theorems only when there cannot exist two terms of large partial quotients in a metric sense''. In the explanations, the attention is given to such notions as the Gauss map, partial quotients, and convergents, as well as cylinders, pressure functions, etc. In addition, some limit theorems in continued fractions, a brief survey on investigations of partial quotients and connections with Diophantine approximations, and proving certain auxiliary statements are given. Suppose \(x =[a_1(x),a_2(x),\dots]\) is the representation of \(x\in [0,1)\) by a continued fraction expansion and \(\psi: \mathbb N \to \mathbb R^{+}\) is a positive function tending to infinity as \(n\to\infty\). The present research is devoted to metric properties of the following set in terms of the Lebesgue measure and the Hausdorff dimension: \[ E(\psi)=\left\{x\in [0,1): \text{ exists } ~ 1\le k \ne l \le n, a_k(x)\ge \psi(n), a_l(x)\ge \psi(n) ~ \text{ for infinitely many }~ n\in \mathbb N \right\}. \] ``The main result implies that any finite deletion from \(a_1(x)+\dots +a_n(x)\) cannot result in a law of large numbers.''