Asymptotics for the rotating fluids and primitive systems with large ill-prepared initial data in critical spaces (Q6046065)

The author studies the asymptotic behaviour, as the Rossby number \(\varepsilon\) goes to \(0\), for two models of 3D geophysical fluids which are variations of the Navier-Stokes system, given respectively by primitive equations (PE) and rotating fluids (RF). Small values \(\varepsilon\) correspond to fast rotating and highly stratified systems; the author also allows for \(\varepsilon\)-dependent ill-prepared initial data, in the sense that their norm blows up as \(\varepsilon\to 0\). In both cases, explicit rates of convergence and consequences in terms of the lifespan of the system are shown. The proofs rely on the special structure of the candidate limit systems, given respectively by the 3D quasi geostrophic system for PE and the 2D Navier-Stokes system with three components for RF, and an associated decomposition of the ill-posed initial data. In particular, the results presented here extend the previous ones by the same author [Pure Appl. Anal. 2, No. 2, 477--517 (2020; Zbl 1446.35120); Asymptotic Anal. 131, No. 3--4, 443--470 (2023; Zbl 1509.35178)] and simplify the proofs.