A quantitative formula for the imaginary part of a Weyl coefficient (Q6062693)

Summary: We investigate two-dimensional canonical systems \(y'=zJHy\) on an interval, with positive semi-definite Hamiltonian \(H\). Let \(q_H\) be the Weyl coefficient of the system. We prove a formula that determines the imaginary part of \(q_H\) along the imaginary axis up to multiplicative constants, which are independent of \(H\). We also provide versions of this result for Sturm-Liouville operators and Krein strings. Using classical abelian-Tauberian theorems, we deduce characterizations of spectral properties such as integrability of a given comparison function with respect to the spectral measure \(\mu_H\), and boundedness of the distribution function of \(\mu_H\) relative to a given comparison function. We study in depth Hamiltonians for which \(\arg q_H (ir)\) approaches \(0\) or \(\pi\) (at least on a subsequence). It turns out that this behavior of \(q_H (ir)\) imposes a substantial restriction on the growth of \(|q_H (ir)|\). Our results in this context are interesting also from a function theoretic point of view.