From 2\(N\) to infinitely many escape orbits (Q6069624)

The authors extend the results of \textit{E. Miranda} et al. [Commun. Contemp. Math. 24, No. 7, Paper No. 2150076, 25 p. (2022; Zbl 1506.37079)], who investigated the behavior of \(b\)-Beltrami vector fields on \(b\)-manifolds in three dimensions. There the authors described the presence of escape orbits for \(b\)-Beltrami vector fields, which are orbits whose \(\alpha\)- or \(\omega\)- limit set is a point on the critical set of the \(b\)-structure that underlies it. In this paper the authors show that the number of escape orbits of a generic \(b\)-Reeb vector field (or any \(b\)-Beltrami field for a generic asymptotically exact \(b\)-metric) is either at least \(2N\) or infinite where \(N\) is the number of connected components of the critical set. Specifically, the main result is as follows: If \(Z\) is a compact embedded surface in a three-dimensional manifold \(M\), then for a generic asymptotically exact \(b\)-metric on \((M,Z)\), any \(b\)-Beltrami vector field has at least \(2N\) escape orbits, and infinitely many if the first Betti number of \(Z\) is positive.