Rearrangement inequalities of the one-dimensional maximal functions associated with general measures (Q6073949)

Let \(\mu\) be a positive Borel measure on \(\mathbb R\), \(f\) a \(\mu\)-measurable function satisfying \(\mu\{x \in \mathbb R: |f(x)|>t\} <\infty\) for all \(t>0\), and \[ M_{\mu} f(x):= \sup_{x \in B, \mu(B) \neq 0} \frac{1}{\mu(B)} \int_B f(y)\, d\mu(y), \] where \(B\) is the Euclidean ball. When \(\mu\) is the Lebesgue measure, we denote \(M_\mu\) by \(\mathcal{M}\). If \(f^\ast\) stands for the symmetric decreasing rearrangement of a function \(f\), then \[ \left(M_{\mu}f\right)^\ast (x) \le Mf^\ast(x) \quad \text{for all \ } x \in \mathbb R. \] This is the main result of the paper. As an application, the authors give a description of the best constant \(C_p\) satisfying \[ \| M_{\mu} f \|_{L^{p,\infty}(\mathbb R, d\mu)} \le C_p\, \| f \|_{L^{p,\infty}(\mathbb R, d\mu)} \] for all \(f \in L^{p,\infty}(\mathbb R, d\mu)\), where \(p \in (1, \infty)\).