Rabinowitz Floer homology of negative line bundles and Floer Gysin sequence (Q6076342)

The authors construct a new version of Rabinowitz Floer homology for negative complex line bundles over closed symplectic manifolds built on generators with zero winding number, \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma_\tau)\). They prove that there is a Floer Gysin sequence for \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma_\tau)\), they give an application to the orderability problem for contact manifolds, and they compute \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma_\tau)\) explicitly for negative complex line bundles over complex projective spaces. They also derive a short exact sequence for the full Rabinowitz Floer homology, i.e. without the restriction on the winding number, and they compute the full Rabinowitz Floer homology in some cases. Let \(\wp:E\rightarrow M\) be a negative complex line bundle over a closed, connected, symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\) with integral symplectic form and first Chern class \(c_1^E = -m[\omega]\), where \(m \in \mathbb{N}\). Picking a Hermitian metric on \(E\) and letting \(r\) be the radial coordinate the authors define circle subbundles \[ \Sigma_\tau := \{e \in E\mid m\pi r^2(e) = \tau\}, \quad \tau > 0, \] and when the size of \(\tau\) isn't relevant they denote the circle bundle by \(\Sigma\). They choose a connection 1-form \(\alpha\) on \(\Sigma\) such that \(\wp^\ast(m\omega) = d\alpha\), where \(\wp\) is used to denote both \(\wp:E\rightarrow M\) and the restriction \(\wp:\Sigma\rightarrow M\). The 1-form \(\alpha\) is a contact form on \(\Sigma\) that naturally extends to \(E \backslash \mathcal{O}_E\), where \(\mathcal{O}_E\) is the zero zection of \(\wp:E\rightarrow M\). The total space \(E\) of the complex line bundle has a nonexact symplectic form \(\Omega = \wp^\ast \omega + d(\pi r^2 \alpha)\). The main object of interest in this paper is a refined version of the Rabinowitz Floer homology of \((E,\Sigma_\tau)\), defined using a filtration introduced in [\textit{U. Frauenfelder}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2004, No. 42, 2179--2269 (2004; Zbl 1088.53058)] involving winding numbers. More specifically, they define \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma_\tau)\) by restricting to generators that are periodic Reeb orbits on \(\Sigma_\tau\) with homotopy classes of capping disks that do not intersect \(\mathcal{O}_E\), i.e. those with zero winding number. Assuming various conditions involving the first Chern class \(c_1^{TM}\) of the tangent bundle \(T_\ast M\), a real number \(\lambda\) such that \(c_1^{TM} = \lambda \omega\) on \(\pi_2(M)\), and a number \(\nu \in \mathbb{Z}_+\) such that \(\omega(\pi_2(M)) = \nu \mathbb{Z}\), denoted by (A1), (A2), and (A3), the authors prove the following theorem. The assumption (A1) implies that the Novikov ring \(\Lambda\) is isomorphic to \(\mathbb{Z}\), and assumptions (A2) and (A3) imply that \(\Lambda\) is the Laurent polynomial ring \(\mathbb{Z}[t,t^{-1}]\). \noindent \textbf{Theorem 1.1.} Suppose that \((M,\omega)\) satisfies condition (A1) or (A2). \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] The Rabinowitz Floer homology with zero winding number \[ \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma_\tau), \quad \ast \in \mathbb{Z} \] is defined and invariant under the change of \(\tau > 0\). Moreover, it admits a \(\Lambda\)-module structure given by iterating generators, see Remark 7.6 for details. \item[(b)] There exists a long exact sequence, the Floer Gysin sequence, of \(\Lambda\)-modules \[ \cdots \rightarrow \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma) \rightarrow \text{FH}_\ast(M) \stackrel{\Psi^{c_1^E}}{\longrightarrow} \text{FH}_{\ast - 2}(M) \rightarrow \text{RFH}_{\ast-1}^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma) \rightarrow \cdots \] where the map \(\Psi^{c_1^E}\) is the Floer cap product with \(-c_1^E\). Furthermore, this respects action filtrations, see Proposition 7.5 for details. \item[(c)] In the case of (A1) or (A2) with \(\lambda\nu \leq -\frac{1}{2} \text{dim }M\), we have a \(\Lambda\)-module isomorphism \[ \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma) \cong H_{\ast + \frac{\text{dim} M}{2}}(\Sigma;\Lambda), \] and the Floer Gysin sequence in (b) recovers the classical Gysin sequence for the bundle \(\Sigma \rightarrow M\) with coefficients in \(\Lambda\). \item[(d)] In this part, we use the notation \((E^m,\Sigma^m)\) to indicate the degree \(M\) of \(E^m\) and \(\Sigma^m\), i.e. \(c_1^{E^m} = -m [\omega]\). There exist natural transfer and projection homomorphisms \[ T:\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E^m,\Sigma^m) \rightarrow \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E^1,\Sigma^1), \] \[ P:\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E^1,\Sigma^1) \rightarrow \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E^m,\Sigma^m) \] such that both compositions \(P \circ T\) and \(T \circ P\) agree with the scalar multiplication by \(m\). \item[(e)] In this part, we assume either (A1) or (A3). Let \(\text{Cont}_0(\Sigma,\xi)\) be the identity component of the group of contactomorphisms on \((\Sigma,\xi = \text{ker }\alpha)\), and let \(\widetilde{\text{Cont}}_0(\Sigma,\xi)\) be its universal cover. Then the homology \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma,\{\varphi_t\})\) associated with a path \(\{\varphi_t\}_{t \in [0,1]}\) in \(\text{Cont}_0(\Sigma,\xi)\) with \(\varphi_0 = \text{id}\) is defined, and there is a \(\mathbb{Z}\)-module isomorphism \[ \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma,\{\varphi_t\}) \cong \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma) \] Moreover, if \( \text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma) \neq 0\), then \(\widetilde{\text{Cont}}_0(\Sigma,\xi)\) is orderable in the sense of [\textit{Y. Eliashberg} and \textit{L. Polterovich}, Geom. Funct. Anal. 10, No. 6, 1448--1476 (2000; Zbl 0986.53036)] and every \(\varphi \in \text{Cont}_0(\Sigma,\xi)\) has a translated point with respect to \(\alpha\) in the sense of [\textit{S. Sandon}, Int. J. Math. 23, No. 2, Article ID 1250042, 14 p. (2012; Zbl 1243.53131)]. \end{itemize} In part (e) of this theorem, [30] refers to [\textit{Y. Eliashberg} and \textit{L. Polterovich}, Geom. Funct. Anal. 10, No. 6, 1448--1476 (2000; Zbl 0986.53036)] and [53] refers to [\textit{S. Sandon}, Int. J. Math. 23, No. 2, Article ID 1250042, 14 p. (2012; Zbl 1243.53131)]. The proof of part (e) uses methods from [\textit{P. Albers} and \textit{W. J. Merry}, J. Symplectic Geom. 16, No. 6, 1481--1547 (2019; Zbl 1423.53106)]. The authors use their results to compute \(\text{RFH}_\ast^{\mathfrak{m}_0}(E,\Sigma)\) when \(E\) is the line bundle \(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{CP}^n}(-m) \rightarrow \mathbb{CP}^n\), with the Fubini-Study form \(\omega_{\text{FS}}\) on \(\mathbb{CP}^n\) normalized so that the integral of \(\omega_{\text{FS}}\) over a complex line is 1. In this case \(\Sigma\) is diffeomorphic to the lens space \(L(m,1)\). The authors also study the full Rabinowitz Floer homology \(\text{RFH}_\ast(E,\Sigma_\tau)\), where the winding number is not restricted. They prove an analog of the Floer Gysin sequence, show that it splits into a short exact sequence, and they compute \(\text{RFH}_\ast(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{CP}^n}(-m),\Sigma_\tau)\).