Varieties of Borel subalgebras for the Jacobson-Witt Lie algebras (Q6085848)

In a previous paper [J. Algebra Appl. 21, No. 11, Article ID 2250210, 17 p. (2022; Zbl 07596133)], the authors defined the notion of a \(B\)-subalgebra of a Jacobson-Witt algebra \(W_n\) and showed that over an algebraically closed field \(\mathbb{K}\) of characteristic \(p>3\) there are \(n+1\) conjugacy classes of \(B\)-subalgebras of \(W_n\) under its automorphism group \(G\) with representatives \(\mathfrak{b}_r\) (\(0\le r\le n\)). Note that \(G= G_0\ltimes U\) for some unipotent group \(U\) and \(G_0\cong \mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{K}\)). Moreover, recall that a \(B\)-subalgebra is a maximal triangulable subalgebra satisfying an extra grading condition, and a Lie algebra \(T\) is called triangulable if every element of its derived subalgebra \([T,T]\) acts nilpotently on \(T\). In the present paper the authors study the geometric structure of the set \(\mathcal{B}\) of all \(B\)-subalgebras of \(W_n\), and certain of its subsets, namely, the set \(\mathcal{B}_\mathrm{homo}\) of all homogeneous \(B\)-subalgebras relative to the standard grading of \(W_n\), the set \(\mathcal{B}_r\) of all \(B\)-subalgebras that are conjugate to \(\mathfrak{b}_r\), and the set \(\mathcal{B}_{\mathrm{homo},r}:=\mathcal{B}_r\cap \mathcal{B}_\mathrm{homo}\) (\(0\le r\le n\)) which are considered as analogues of the flag variety of a classical semi-simple Lie algebra. Finally, let \(\mathcal{F\ell}_n\cong\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{K})/ B_+\) be the projective variety consisting of all complete flags in \(\mathbb{K}^n\) which is just called flag variety by the authors, where \(B_+\) denotes the subgroup of all upper-triangular matrices in \(\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{K})\). Then the following statements are proved: \begin{enumerate} \item[1)] \(\mathrm{Stab}_{G_0}(\mathfrak{b}_r)=B_+\) and the variety \(\mathcal{B}_{\mathrm{homo},r}=G_0\cdot\mathfrak{b}_r\) is isomorphic to \(\mathcal{F\ell}_n\) for any \(r\in\{0,1,\dots,n\}\). \item[2)] If \(p\) does not divide \(n+1\), then \(\mathcal{B}_\mathrm{homo} =\bigcup\limits_{r=0}^n\mathcal{B}_{\mathrm{homo},r}\) is isomorphic to a closed subvariety of \(\mathcal{F\ell}_{n+1}\) with \(n+1\) closed connected components \(\mathcal{B}_{\mathrm{homo},r}\) (\(0\le r\le n\)). \item[3)] \(\mathcal{B}=\bigcup\limits_{r=0}^n\mathcal{B}_r\) is a subvariety of \(\mathcal{F\ell}_s\), where \(s:=p^n-1\). \item[4)] \(\mathcal{B}_r=G\cdot\mathfrak{b}_r\cong G/\mathrm{Stab}_G (\mathfrak{b}_r)\) for any \(r\in\{0,1,\dots,n\}\). In particular, \(\mathcal{B}_0 \cong\mathcal{F\ell}_n\). \item[5)] \(\mathcal{B}_r\) is the total space of a fiber bundle over the base space \(\mathcal{F\ell}_n\) with fiber \(\mathbb{A}^{d_r}\), where \[d_r=\dim(U\cdot\mathfrak{b}_r)=\frac{n^2+3n-r^2-r}{2}p^r- \frac{p^r-1}{p-1}-\frac{n(n+1)}{2}-(n-r)(r+1)\] for any \(r\in\{0,1,\dots,n\}\). \end{enumerate} It is well known that \(i:\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}(\mathbb{K})\to W_n\) is a monomorphism of restricted Lie algebras when \(p\) does not divide \(n+1\). Let \(\mathrm{pr}:W_n\to \mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}(\mathbb{K})\) denote the vector space splitting of \(i\). Then the authors prove the following statements: \begin{enumerate} \item[6)] There is an embedding of \(\mathcal{F\ell}_{n+1}\) into \(\mathrm{pr} (\mathcal{B})\). \item[7)] There is an embedding of every Bruhat cell of \(\mathcal{F\ell}_{n+1}\) into \(\mathcal{B}\). \end{enumerate} Along the way all the above results are illustrated in the special case of the Witt algebra \(W_1\).