Kirwan surjectivity and Lefschetz-Sommese theorems for a generalized hyperkähler reduction (Q6093591)

There is a highly successful method developed by \textit{F. C. Kirwan} [Cohomology of quotients in symplectic and algebraic geometry. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ (1984; Zbl 0553.14020)], \textit{M. F. Atiyah} and \textit{R. Bott} [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 308, 523--615 (1983; Zbl 0509.14014)] and others to compute the (rational) cohomology of symplectic quotients \(X// G = \mu^{-1}(0)/G\), where \(X\) is compact symplectic and \(G\) is a compact Lie group, which is assumed to act in a Hamiltonian fashion with moment map \(\mu\colon X\to \mathfrak g^*\). A key step is to show that the Kirwan map, i.e., the natural restriction map \(H_G^*(X)\to H_G(\mu^{-1}(0))\cong H^*(X// G)\) induced by \(\mu^{-1}(0)\hookrightarrow X\), is surjective, by showing that \(|\mu|^2\) is a minimally degenerate Morse-Bott function. In the hyper-Kähler category, the non-compactness of \(M\) prevents a straightforward generalization of Kirwan surjectivity. \textit{L. Jeffrey} et al. [Transform. Groups 14, No. 4, 801--823 (2009; Zbl 1186.53061)] have provided a Morse-theoretic criterion, which is however difficult to check in practice. This paper studies the so-called hyper-reductions of decorated \(G\)-manifolds. Here a decorated \(G\)-manifold is a (non-compact) Kähler manifold \(M\) with a Hamiltonian \(G\times S^1\)-action and a \(G\)-invariant holomorphic function \(s\) which is homogeneous of some positive degree with respect to the \(S^1\)-action. The hyper-reduction is then \(M/// G = (\mu_G^{-1}(0)\cap s^{-1}(0))/G\). The notion is motivated in particular by hyper-Kähler quotients by tori in the presence of an additional rotating \(S^1\)-action, where \(s = \mu_{\mathbb C}\), the complex moment map. The authors then prove that under some assumptions the hyper-Kirwan map \[\kappa_{G,s}\colon H_G^*(M)\to H^*(M/// G )\] is surjective. The strategy of the proof is to write \(\kappa_{G,s} = \iota^* \circ \kappa\), where \(\kappa\colon H_G(M)\to H^*(M//G)\) is the usual Kirwan map, and \(\iota\colon (\mu_G^{-1}(0)\cap s^{-1}(0)) \to \mu_G^{-1}(0)\) is the inclusion, and to examine \(\kappa\) and \(\iota^*\) separately. The authors show in \S 2 that \(\kappa\) is surjective if \(M\) and the symplectic reduction \(M// G\) are circle compact with smooth compactification \(\overline{M//G}\). In Theorem 3.9 they show that \(\iota^*\) is in fact an isomorphism under some regularity assumptions. In the final section the authors apply their theory to the situation of a toric hyper-Kähler quotient mentioned above.