The interplay among the topological bifurcation diagram, integrability and geometry for the family \(\mathrm{QSH(D)}\) (Q6093592)

Meanwhile the study of linear autonomous systems of differential equations was solved more than 200 years ago, even for arbitrary dimension, the simple addition of one degree to this problem, that is, quadratic differential systems, has produced a problem still open nowadays, even for a dimension as low as two. The parameter space for such a problem is \(\mathbb{R}^{12}\) and even some reductions allow to reduce it to a set with many families having just 5 parameters, very few of these 5-parametric families have been completely studied. So, the techniques of study of this problem have consisted in studying some cases having one or more restrictions (so to reduce even more the number of parameters), mainly based on the singularities, or on the invariant curves. The set of quadratic differential systems having an invariant hyperbola is not as simple as it may seem at first glance. Up to now, the best reduction of the problem consists in a list as long as the alphabet of different normal forms which needs to be studied case by case in order to produce the set of all different phase portraits having an invariant hyperbola. And later it will be needed to compile all this information (once it is achieved) in order to detect possible repetitions of phase portraits among the families. Some of the families have already been studied, and others remain open. In this paper the authors complete the study of the so called family (D). They not only detect the number of different phase portraits (18) and the number of different configurations of invariant algebraic curves (53), but they also prove that the whole family is Liouvillian integrable. Even the set of quadratic differential systems with invariant hyperbolas occupy a very small place in the set of all quadratic systems, it is a very important set to be studied since it produces examples of high geometric and topologic codimension which will be very useful towards a complete topological classification of all the phase portraits of quadratic systems.