On the integrability of a four-prototype Rössler system (Q6097420)

The paper under review investigates the chaotic behavior of the four-prototype Rössler system given by the non-linear differential system \[ \dot x=-y-z,\quad \dot y=x,\quad \dot z=\alpha y(1-y)-\beta z,\quad \alpha,\beta\in\mathbb{R}. \] In particular, the paper shows that the system is neither Darboux nor \(C^1\) integrable for \(\alpha\neq0\) (note that \(\alpha=0\) is a trivial case since the system becomes linear). This is in contrast to the Lorenz system where some nontrivial choices of parameters can lead to nonchaotic behavior, which only happens for the trivial choice \(\alpha=0\) for the Rössler system studied here. The independent first integrals \(H_{j,\beta},\ j=1,2,\) for the \(\alpha=0\) case are given by \[ H_{1,0}=z,\quad H_{2,0}=x^2+y^2+2yz, \] and for \(\beta\neq0\), \[ \begin{aligned} H_{1,\beta}&=\bigg( x-\frac{\beta z}{1+\beta^2}\bigg)\cos\bigg(\frac{\log z}{\beta}\bigg)-\bigg(y+\frac{z}{1+\beta^2}\bigg)\sin\bigg(\frac{\log z}{\beta}\bigg),\\ H_{2,\beta}&=\bigg(y+\frac{z}{1+\beta^2}\bigg)\cos\bigg(\frac{\log z}{\beta}\bigg)+\bigg(x-\frac{\beta z}{1+\beta^2}\bigg)\sin\bigg(\frac{\log z}{\beta}\bigg). \end{aligned} \] From these, one can construct two Darboux first integrals. The main result of the paper is the following: Theorem The following statements hold for the Rössler system given above with \(\alpha\neq0:\) (i) It has no invariant algebraic surfaces. (ii) The unique exponential factors are of the form \(F=e^{\alpha_0+\alpha_1 x+\alpha_2 y}\) with \(\alpha_k\in\mathbb{C},\ k=0,1,2\). (iii) It has no Darboux first integrals. The authors end their investigation by discussing the \(C^1\)-integrability of the system studied. In particular, they prove the nonexistence of global \(C^1\) first integrals by means of certain isolated periodic orbits that prevent \(C^1\)-integrability.