Controllability of networked systems with heterogeneous dynamics (Q6097902)

The paper studies the controllability of linear systems \(\dot X=FX+GU\) with the following structure: \(F=A+C\otimes H\) and \(G=D\otimes B\), where the matrix \(A\) is bloc-diagonal and each of its \(N\) blocs has the same dimension \(n\), \(C\) is a \(N\times N\) triangularizable matrix with triangularizing matrix \(T\), \(D\) is a diagonal \(N\times N\) matrix, while \(H\) and \(B\) are general \(n\times n\) matrix. A system in this class describes a family of \(N\) interconnected linear systems of dimension \(n\) with a suitable structure. The main result of the system is a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the controllability of such a system under the additional hypothesis that \(T\otimes I\) commutes with \(A\). The result generalizes a necessary and sufficient condition obtained in [\textit{Y. Hao} et al., Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control 28, No. 5, 1778--1788 (2018; Zbl 1390.93147)] in the case where all the blocs of \(A\) are identical.