Weighted Gagliardo-Nirenberg interpolation inequalities (Q6098112)

The authors prove weighted versions of the Gagliardo- Nirenberg interpolation inequality with Riesz \(D^zf=(|\cdot |^z\hat{f})^{\lor}\) as well as Bessel \(J^zf=((1+|\cdot |^2)^{z/2}\hat{f})^{\vee}\) type fractional derivatives, generalizing the celebrated result with classical derivatives. Such inequalities for a general class of weights satisfying Muckenhoupt-type conditions are obtained using a harmonic analysis approach employing several methods, including the method of domination by sparse operators. The following theorems contain improved results for particular families of weights \(|x|^z\) and \((1+|x|^2)^{z/2}\). Theorem. Suppose that \(1 < p, q, r <\infty\), \(0\le t < s\), \(\frac ts\le\theta\le 1\), \(\alpha\in ( -\frac dp, \frac d{p^\prime})\), \(\beta\in ( -\frac dq, \frac d{q^\prime})\), \(\gamma > -\frac dr\). Assume these satisfy \(\frac 1r-\frac{t-\gamma}d= \theta\left(\frac 1p- \frac{s - \alpha}d\right) + (1 - \theta)\left(\frac 1q+\frac{\beta}d\right)\) and \(0\le\theta\alpha + (1 - \theta)\beta - \gamma\le \theta s - t.\) Then it follows that \(\| |\cdot |^{\gamma}D^tf\|_{L^r(\mathbb R^d)}\lesssim \| |\cdot |^{\alpha}D^sf\|^{\theta}_{L^p(\mathbb R^d)} \||\cdot |^{\beta}f\|^{1-\theta}_{L^q(\mathbb R^d)}\), \(\forall f \in S(\mathbb R^d)\). Moreover, the same inequality is valid for the operator \(J^z\). Theorem. Suppose that \(1 < p, q, r <\infty\), \(0\le t < s\), \(\frac ts\le\theta\le 1\), \(\alpha\in ( -\frac dp, \frac d{p^\prime})\), \(\beta\in ( -\frac dq, \frac d{q'})\), \(\gamma > -\frac dr\). Assume these satisfy \(\frac 1r\le \frac{\theta}p+ \frac{1 - \theta}q,\) \(\gamma\le\theta\alpha + (1 - \theta)\beta\) and \( \theta\left(\frac 1p- \frac{s}d\right)+ \frac{1-\theta}q \le \frac 1r-\frac{t}d\le \theta\left(\frac 1p- \frac{s - \alpha}d\right) + (1 - \theta)\left(\frac 1q+\frac{\beta}d\right)-\frac{\gamma}d\). Then it follows that \(\| (1+|\cdot |^2)^{\gamma/2}D^tf\|_{L^r(\mathbb R^d)}\lesssim \| (1+|\cdot |^2)^{\alpha/2}D^sf\|^{\theta}_{L^p(\mathbb R^d)} \|(1+|\cdot |^2)^{\beta/2}f\|^{1-\theta}_{L^q(\mathbb R^d)}\), \(\forall f \in S(\mathbb R^d)\). Moreover, the same inequality is valid for the operator \(J\). A simple application to a mixed norm inequality is finally given.