Invariants for the Weil representation and modular units for orthogonal groups of signature \((2, 2)\) (Q6101542)

The Weil representation associated to a discriminant form is a representation of \(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})\) or its double cover \(\mathrm{Mp}_2(\mathbb{Z})\) that plays a major role in the theory of theta lifts and Borcherds products. This paper considers the problem of constructing invariants of the Weil representation, or vector-valued modular forms of weight zero. It is shown that, if a discriminant form contains any self-dual isotropic subgroup, then the space of Weil invariants is spanned by the characteristic functions of self-dual isotropic subgroups. The special case of the discriminant form of the lattice \(U(N) \oplus U(N')\), a direct sum of two rescaled hyperbolic planes, is considered in greater detail. The author constructs a family of Weil invariants and proves when \(N'\) is prime that they span the entire space. Finally, the author applies the Borcherds lift and works out the resulting Borcherds products on the orthogonal group \(\mathrm{O}(2, 2)\), which in this case have divisor supported on the boundary.