The absolute Galois group of a \(p\)-adic field (Q6114509)

In this paper, the authors aim to compute the number of generators and the number of ``relations'' needed to characterize the ``presentation'' the absolute Galois group of a given finite extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\). For \(p\) a prime number and \(K\) a finite extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\), \textit{U. Jannsen} [Invent. Math. 70, 53--69 (1982; Zbl 0534.12009)] proved that the absolute Galois group Gal(\(K\)) of \(K\) is finitely generated, as a profinite group. The authors' goal in this article is to prove that Gal(\(K\)) is even ``finitely presented'' and to compute the number of ``generators'' and ``relations'' needed for the ``presentation''. The definition used is the following: an arbitrary profinite group \(G\) is finitely presented if there exist a short exact sequence \(1\to N \to\widehat{F}_e\to G\to 1\) for some positive integer \(e\) and elements \(y_1,\dots, y_d\in \widehat{F}_e\) such that \(N\) is the smallest closed normal subgroup of the free profinite group \(\widehat{F}_e\) on \(e\) generators that contains \(y_1,\dots,y_d\). Theses elements \(y_1,\dots, y_d\) are said to be relations of \(G\). The other sections of the article present theorems proving the number of relations needed by using Hensel's Lemma and other results.