Smooth affine \(\mathbb{G}_m\)-surfaces with finite Picard groups and trivial units (Q6116782)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field and let \(S\) be a smooth affine surface defined over \(k\). The author proves that a smooth affine \(\mathbb{G}_m\)-surface \(S\) whose coordinate ring is a UFD with only constant units, is necessarily isomorphic to the affine plane and the \(\mathbb{G}_m\)-action on \(S\) must be linear. He also proves that if \(S\) has only constant units and finite \(\mathrm{Pic}(S)\), the following holds, determining all such surfaces with logarithmic Kodaira dimension \(\leq{0}\), i.e. \(\bar{\kappa}(S)\leq{0}\): \begin{itemize} \item If \(\bar{\kappa}(S)=-\infty\) and \(\mathrm{Pic}(S)\neq{0}\), then \(S\) is a pseudo affine plane (defined below). \item If \(\bar{\kappa}(S)=0\) then \(S\) is isomorphic to one of the surfaces in the two families constructed in the paper (examples 1.4(1) or (2)). \end{itemize} Here a pseudo affine plane is a a smooth affine surface with an \(\mathbb{A}^1\)-fibration over \(\mathbb{A}^1\) such that every fibre is irreducible and only one fibre is non-reduced.