Estimate of the weights of the Jacquet module of the principal series representations of \(\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{R})\) (Q6133123)

Let \(G=\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{R})\) and \(B\) the Borel subgroup of upper triangular matrices in \(G\). Write \(B=AN\) with \(A\) the subgroup of diagonal matrices and \(N\) the unipotent radical of \(B\) and \(\mathfrak{a}\) and \(\mathfrak{n}\) for the Lie algebras of \(A\) and \(N\). Every character \(\chi\) of \(A\) can be extended trivially to \(B\) and gives rise to a principal series representation \(I_\chi=\operatorname{Ind}_B^G(\chi)\) using smooth normalized induction. The main result of this paper is an upper bound for the weights of the dual \(I_\chi'\) of \(I_\chi\). The weights of \(I_\chi'\) are the possible characters of \(A\) that occur as subquotients of finite-dimensional subrepresentations of \(I_\chi'|_B\) restricted to \(A\). Using Borel's lemma and Schwartz induction for Nash groups, the author shows that for every weight \(\mu\) of \(I_\chi'\) there exists a Weyl group element \(w\) such that the differential \(d\mu\in\mathfrak{a}_{\mathbb{C}}^*\) of \(\mu\) is equal to \(-w(d\chi)-\rho\) minus a sum of positive roots, where \(\rho=\frac{1}{2}\operatorname{tr}\operatorname{ad}|_{\mathfrak{n}}\). Since \(\mathfrak{n}\) acts nilpotently on every finite-dimensional subrepresentation of \(I_\chi'\), this also implies an upper bound for the weights of the Jacquet module of \(I_\chi\).