Hilbert's basis theorem for non-associative and hom-associative Ore extensions (Q6133688)

In this article the authors prove a Hom-associative version of Hilbert's basis theorem, that includes as special cases both a non-associative version and the classical Hilbert's basis theorem for associative Ore extensions. A Hom-associative algebra over an associative, commutative and unital ring \(R\), is a triple \((M,\,\cdot\,\alpha)\), where \(M\) is a \(R\)-module, \(\,\cdot\,:M \times M \to M\), a \(R\)-bilinear map and \(\alpha:M \to M\) a \(R\)-linear map satisfying \(\alpha(a)\cdot(b \cdot c)=(a \cdot b)\cdot \alpha(c)\), for all \(a,b,c\) in \(R\). The map \(\alpha\) is known as the \textit{twisting map}. A Hom-associative ring is a Hom-associative algebra over the ring of integers. Let \(R\) be a unital, non-associative ring. Let \(\delta,\sigma:R \to R\) be additive maps such that \(\sigma(1)=1\) and \(\delta(1)=0\). A unital, non-associative Ore extensions of \(R\), written \(R[X;\sigma,\delta]\), consists of all the formal sums \(\sum_{i \in N}a_i X^{i}\), called polynomial, where only finitely many \(a_i \in R\) are non-zero, with the following operations: \[ \begin{aligned} & \sum_{i \in N}a_i X^{i}+\sum_{i \in N}b_iX^{i}=\sum_{i \in N}(a_i+b_i)X^{i},\\ & a X^n \cdot b X^m=\sum_{i \in N}\left(a \pi_i^m(b)\right)X^{i+n}, \end{aligned} \] where \(\pi_i^m\) stands for the sum of all \(\binom{m}{i}\) composition of \(i\) copies of \(\sigma\) and \(m-i\) copies of \(\delta\) in an arbitrary order. It is assumed that \(\pi_0^0=\mathrm{Id}_R\) and \(\pi_i^m=0\) whenever \(i<0\) or \(i>m\). The element \(1\) of \(R\) also becomes an identity element in \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\). Then \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\) is a unital, non-associative and non-commutative ring. Let \(R\) be a unital, non-associative ring. Let \(\sigma:R \to R\) be an additive map such that \(\sigma(1)=1\). An additive map \(\delta:R \to R\) is a \(\sigma\)-derivation if: \[ \delta(ab)=\sigma(a)\delta(b)+\delta(a)b,\quad \text{ for all }a,b \in R. \] Observe that if \(\delta\) is a \(\sigma\)-derivation then \(\delta(1)=0\). Let \(R\) be a unital, Hom-associative ring with twisting map \(\alpha\). Let \(\delta\) be a \(\sigma\)-derivation of \(R\) for which \(\alpha\) commutes with \(\delta\) and \(\sigma\). Extend \(\alpha\) homogeneously to \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\). The authors prove that \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\) is a unital, Hom-associative Ore extension with twisting map \(\alpha\). Let \(R\) be a non-unital, Hom-associative ring with twisting map \(\alpha_R\). Let \(M\) be an additive group and let \(\alpha_M:M \to M\) be an homomorphism. A right \(R\)-Hom- module \(M_R\) consists of \(M\) and a bilinear operation \(\,\cdot\,:M \times R \to M\), called scalar multiplication, such that for \(m\) in \(M\) and \(r_1,r_2\) in \(R\), the following hold: \[ \alpha_M(m)\cdot(r_1r_2)=(m \cdot r_1)\cdot r_2. \] A left \(R\)-Hom-module is defined analogously and written \(_R M\). A Hom-associative ring \(R\) is both a right \(R\)-Hom-module and left \(R\)-Hom-module. The authors prove the Hom-Noetherian conditions for Hom-modules, as follows. Let \(M\) be a right (left) \(R\)-Hom-module. Then the following conditions are equivalent: \textbf{(i)} \(M\) satisfies the ascending chain condition on its Hom-submodules. \textbf{(ii)} Any non-empty family of Hom-submodules of \(M\) has a maximal element. \textbf{(iii)} Any Hom-submodule of \(M\) is finitely generated. A non-unital, Hom-associative ring \(R\) is called right (left) Hom-Noetherian if it satisfies the three conditions above. The associator is the map \((\,\cdot\,,\,\cdot\,,\,\cdot\,):R \times R \times R \to R\) defined by: \[ (r,s,t)=(r \, s) \, t-r \, (s \, t),\quad \text{ for all }r,s,t \in R. \] The left, middle and right nucleus of \(R\) are denoted by \(N_{\ell}\), \(N_m(R)\) and \(N_r(R)\), respectively and they are defined by: \[ \begin{aligned} & N_{\ell}(R)=\{r \in R\mid (r,s,t)=0,\text{ for all }s,t \in R\},\\ & N_{m}(R)=\{s \in R\mid (r,s,t)=0,\text{ for all }r,t \in R\},\\ & N_{r}(R)=\{t \in R\mid (r,s,t)=0,\text{ for all }r,s \in R\}. \end{aligned} \] The nucleus of \(R\) is defined by \(N(R)= N_{\ell}(R) \cap N_{m}(R) \cap N_{r}(R)\). The authors prove that for the unital, non-associative Ore extension \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\), of a unital, non-associative ring \(R\), \(X^k\) belongs to \(N(R[X;\sigma;\delta])\) for all \(k\) in \(\mathbb N\). The authors proves that if \(R\) is a unital, Noetherian, Hom-associative ring with twisting map \(\alpha\), for which there exists a \(\sigma\)-derivation \(\delta\) such that \(\alpha\) commutes with \(\sigma\) and \(\delta\), then for any \(m\) in \(\mathbb N\), \[ \sum_{i=0}^mX^{i}R\left(\sum_{i=0}^m R X^{i}\right) \] is a Hom-Noetherian right (left) \(R\)-Hom-module. Finally, the authors prove the main result of their work, which is the following: If \(R\) is a unital, right (left) Noetherian, Hom-associative ring with twisting map \(\alpha\), for which there exists a \(\sigma\)-derivation \(\delta\) such that \(\alpha\) commutes with \(\sigma\) and \(\delta\), then the Ore extension \(R[X;\sigma;\delta]\) is right (left) Noetherian.