Error estimates of invariant-preserving difference schemes for the rotation-two-component Camassa-Holm system with small energy (Q6142553)

The paper addresses a significant challenge in numerical analysis of partial differential equations, particularly for systems representing shallow water wave motions influenced by gravity, such as the Rotation-Two-Component Camassa-Holm (R2CH) system. This highly nonlinear and strongly coupled system requires careful numerical treatment to preserve invariants at the discrete level. The authors present a novel implicit nonlinear difference scheme that conserves discrete invariants like energy, mass, and momentum. They leverage the Browder theorem to establish the existence of a solution for this scheme. The error analysis hinges on refined estimates of the bilinear operator in the difference scheme. An innovative aspect of this work is the ability of the scheme to converge unconditionally both when the rotational parameter is zero and when it is non-zero under small energy conditions. This attribute is particularly advantageous for long-time simulations over large domains, maintaining accuracy even for smooth and non-smooth initial conditions. Key findings demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in terms of effectiveness for long-term simulations. The convergence orders for both scenarios -- zero or nonzero rotation parameter -- are shown to be \(\mathcal{O}(\tau^2 + h^2)\) for velocity in the \(L^{\infty}-\)norm and surface elevation in the \(L^{2}-\)norm, where \(\tau\) and \(h\) denote the temporal and spatial step sizes, respectively. These findings are substantiated by a well-designed two-level iterative scheme. In conclusion, the paper makes a significant contribution to the field of numerical analysis of partial differential equations, particularly for systems like the R2CH system, by providing a robust and accurate invariant-preserving numerical scheme and establishing a comprehensive convergence theory.