Peano property, two dimensional triangles, constant curvature (Q6155837)

The induced interval convex structure of an interval space \((X,[\cdot,\cdot ])\) is said to be drop complete if \[ \mathrm{conv}(\{p\} \cup C) = \bigcup\{[p, x] \ | \ x \in C\} \] holds for all convex set \(C \subset X\) and for all \(p \in X\). Moreover, the convex structure is said to fulfill the Peano-property, if for all \(a, b, c \in X\), for all \(y \in [b, c]\) and for all \(m \in [a, y]\), there exists \(z\in[a, c]\) such that \(m \in [b, z]\). The main results of the paper are contained in the following: Theorem. In an at least three-dimensional Cartan-Hadamard manifold, the conditions below are equivalent: \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] The triangles are two-dimensional in the manifold; \item[(ii)] The manifold has the Peano property; \item[(iii)] The manifold is drop complete; \item[(iv)] The manifold has constant sectional curvature, i.e., it is either Euclidean or hyperbolic. \end{itemize} The local version of this result also works when the curvature is positive. Theorem 4. In an at least three-dimensional complete Riemannian manifold, the conditions below are equivalent: \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] The manifold has locally the Peano property; \item[(ii)] The manifold is locally drop complete; \item[(iii)] The triangles are locally two-dimensional in the manifold; \item[(iv)] The manifold has constant sectional curvature. \end{itemize}