New results on the periodicity problem for continued fractions of elements of hyperelliptic fields (Q6156023)

Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic \(0\) and \(f \in k[x]\) a square-free polynomial of degree \(2g+1, g \geq 1\). Suppose that the valuation \(v_x\) of the field \(k(x)\) has two extensions \(v_x^{+}\) and \(v_x^{-}\) to the field \(L=k(x)(\sqrt{f})\). The following main results are proved. Theorem 1. Up to equivalence, there exists at most one square-free polynomial \(f_{d,U} \in \bar{\mathbb{Q}[x]}\) \(\deg f_{d,U}=2g+1>1,\) that satisfies the following condition: (i) the hyperelliptic field \(\bar{\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{f_{d,U}})}\) contains a fundamental \(S\)--unit of degree \(U\) for \(S=\{v_{\infty}, v_x^+\}\); (ii) the continued fraction expansion of \(\sqrt{f_{d,U}}\) in \(\bar{\mathbb{Q}}((x))\) is periodic, where \(d<U\leq 12\). Theorem 2. For any pair consisting of an odd \(d\) and an even \(U\) with \(d <U \leq 20\), up to equivalence there exist at most two square-free polynomials \(f_{d,U} \in \mathbb{Q}[x], \deg f_{d,U}=d\), that satisfy conditions (i) and (ii) of Theorem 1.