Normal forms, moving frames, and differential invariants for nondegenerate hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb{C}^2\) (Q6157812)

This paper studies the problem of normal forms and equivalence of nondegenerate real hypersurfaces \(M\subset{\mathbb{C}^2}\) under the pseudo-group action of holomorphic transformations by the method of equivariant moving frames. The paper by \textit{S. S. Chern} and \textit{J. K. Moser} [Acta Math. 133, 219--271 (1975; Zbl 0302.32015)] is very important in the field of local geometry of real hypersurfaces in the complex space \(\mathbb{C}^n\). In [loc. cit.], Chern and Moser applied two complementary methods to study the problem: normal forms based on Taylor expansions, and the Cartan equivalence method. The two methods bring a different range of tools and results, and their precise interrelationship remains not entirely clear. This paper derives normal forms in the case of singularly umbilic points by the effective method of equivariant moving frames, which contributes to reconciling the Cartan equivalence and normal form methods. The most important contribution of the method of equivariant moving frames are the recurrence relations, which are easy to use. Firstly, the authors perform the normalizations up to order six through using the recurrence relations for the (partially) normalized invariants. Then they re-establish the Chern-Moser normal forms for, respectively, the non-umbilic and umbilic cases. Finally, they give a proof of the main theorem, where they consider nondegenerate hypersurfaces \(M\) that are singularly umbilic at a point \(p\), and the normal forms of the three cases -- generic, semi-circular, and circular are derived successively.