On the integrability of the vocal fold model (Q6160017)

The authors investigate the integrability of a second-order differential equation describing the oscillation of the vocal folds. After a time scaling, this second-order equation is equivalent to the planar polynomial differential system: \[ \begin{aligned} \dot{u}&=v(1+u)+\delta v^2,\\ \dot{v}&=-\alpha\delta(1+\beta u^2)v^2+(-\alpha(\beta u^2+1)(1+u)-u\delta+\gamma)v-u(1+u). \end{aligned} \] Through the synthesis of various theoretical techniques, the authors establish the non-existence of first integrals for this system within some function spaces, including analytic functions, Darboux functions, and Liouville functions. Furthermore, employing singularity analysis, the authors demonstrate the non-existence of a Puiseux integrating factor. This paper stands as a paradigm in the study of integrability in planar differential systems, and the methodologies employed herein can be applied to research similar systems.