Lagrangian Grassmannians, CKP hierarchy and hyperdeterminantal relations (Q6165430)

From the work of \textit{M. Sato} and his school, starting with [in: Random systems and dynamical systems, Proc. Symp., KyotoRIMS Kokyuroku 439, 30--46 (1981; Zbl 0507.58029)] it is known that solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and related integrable hierarchies have a deep connection to infinite-dimensional Grassmannian manifolds. Strengthening this connection, the corresponding \(\tau\)-functions satisfy the bilinear relations of [\textit{R. Hirota}, The direct method in soliton theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2004; Zbl 1099.35111)], which may be viewed as infinite-dimensional versions of the Plücker relations that embed the Grassmannian in the projectivization of an exterior product vector space. In the infinite-dimensional case, the \(\tau\)-function is parametrized by elements \(w\in \text{Gr}_{{\mathcal H}_+}({\mathcal H})\) formed by subspaces \(w\subseteq {\mathcal H}\), with some conditions, of a polarized Hilbert space. The coefficients of the expansion of \(\tau\), which depends on an infinite sequence of commuting flow variables, in a basis of Schur functions are interpreted as Plücker coordinates of the subspace \(w\) embedding \(\text{Gr}_{{\mathcal H}_+}({\mathcal H})\) in the projectivization of a corresponding Fock space. There are generalizations of these type-A hierarchies to type B, C and D Lie groups. In the paper the authors work with the CKP hierarchy, for which the finite-dimensional analogue is the Lagrangian Grassmannian of maximal isotropic subspaces of a finite-dimensional symplectic vector space \(V\oplus V^*\). First, they replace the symplectic vector space \(V\oplus V^*\) with a polarized Hilbert space \({\mathcal H}={\mathcal H}_+\oplus {\mathcal H}_-\) with a suitable defined symplectic form \(\omega\). The linear equations as in [\textit{J. Carrillo-Pacheco} and \textit{F. Zaldívar}, Des. Codes Cryptography 60, No. 3, 291--298 (2011; Zbl 1225.94028)] that cut out the Lagrangian Grassmannian in the finite-dimensional case are now replaced by fermionic null conditions. Moreover, the hyperdeterminantal relations of \textit{O. Holtz} and \textit{B. Sturmfels} [J. Algebra 316, No. 2, 634--648 (2007;Zbl 1130.15005)] and \textit{L. Oeding} [Algebra Number Theory 5, No. 1, 75--109 (2011;Zbl 1238.14035)] that cut out the Lagrangian Grassmannian in the ambient classical Grassmannian. With these generalizations, we now have an infinite-dimensional Lagrangian Grassmannian \(\text{Gr}^{\mathcal L}_{{\mathcal H}_+}({\mathcal H},\omega)\) and a Plücker embedding in the projectivization of an adequate subspace of a Fock space. Combining the Plücker relations with the Lagrangian condition the authors show that the symmetric partition Plücker coordinates of an element \(w_0\in\text{Gr}^{\mathcal L}_{{\mathcal H}_+}({\mathcal H},\omega)\) corresponding to a CKP type \(\tau\)-function satisfy an infinite analogue of the hyperdeterminantal relations. Lastly, using the addition formulas for KP \(\tau\)-functions, the authors obtain a multiparametric family of those hyperdeterminantal relations evaluated at the translates of a point in the space of odd flow variables by cubic lattices generated by power sums in the parameters.