The short local algebras of dimension 6 with non-projective reflexive modules (Q6168747)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field. A finite-dimensional local \(k\)-algebra \(A\) with radical \(J\) is said to be short provided \(J^3=0\). Let \(A\) be a short local \(k\)-algebra. The pair \((e,s)\) with \(e:=\dim_k J/J^2\) and \(s:=\dim_k J^2\) is called the Hilbert type of \(A\). Let \(A\) be a short local \(k\)-algebra of Hilbert type \((e,s)\). A local (left) \(A\)-module of length \(e\) and Loewy length at most 2 is call an atom of \(A\). An \(A\)-module of finite length is said to be uniform provided its socle is simple. An \(A\)-module \(M\) is said to be reflexive provided that the natural map \(\phi_M : M \to\Hom_A(\Hom_A(M,A),A)\) given by \(\phi_M(m)(f) = f(m)\) for all \(m \in M\) and \(f \in\Hom_A(M,A)\) is bijective. In [\textit{C. M. Ringel} and \textit{P. Zhang}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 106, No. 2, 528--589 (2022; Zbl 07730819)], it is shown that if there exists a non-projective reflexive \(A\)-module then \(2\le s\le e-1\). Thus the dimension of \(A\) is at least 6. If \(A\) is 6-dimensional then the Hilbert type of \(A\) is \((3,2)\), \(J^2 =\mathrm{soc} _A A =\mathrm{soc} A_A\), and there is no uniform left ideal with length 3. In the paper under review, the author proves its converse. The main result of the paper is the following theorem: Theorem. Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field. Let \(A\) be a short local \(k\)-algebra of Hilbert type \((3,2)\) with radical \(J\). Then the following conditions are equivalent: (i) \(J^2 =\mathrm{soc} _A A =\mathrm{soc} A_A\) and there is no uniform left ideal with length 3. (ii) There is a reflexive atom. (iii) There is a non-projective reflexive module.