Inverse problems for radial Schrödinger operators with the missing part of eigenvalues (Q6171733)

Consider the Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem \[ L_{\ell,q}y:=-y''+\frac{\ell(\ell+1)}{x^2}y +q y=\lambda y \text{ on } (0,1] \] with \(\lim_{x\to 0^+}\frac{y(x)}{x^{\ell+1}}<\infty\) and \(y'(1)+\beta y(1)=0\). Here, \(\ell\in [-1/2,\infty)\), \(\beta\in \mathbb{R}\cup\{\infty\}\) and \(q\) real-valued, measurable with \(\int_0^1 |q(x)|\,dx<\infty\), if \(\ell>-1/2\) and \(\int_0^1 |(1-\ln(x))q(x)|\,dx<\infty\), if \(\ell=-1/2\). The resulting differential operator in \(L^2(0,1)\) is self-adjoint, lower-semi-bounded and has simple discrete spectrum, which will be denoted \(\sigma(\ell,q,\beta)\). It is proved that if \(q,\hat{q}\) and \(\beta\ne\beta^\ast\) obey the above conditions with \(\sigma(\ell,q,\beta^\ast)=\sigma(\ell,\hat{q},\beta^\ast)\) and there is \(\Lambda\subseteq\mathbb{N}_0\) with \[ \sigma(\ell,q,\beta)\setminus \{\lambda_n|n\in\Lambda\}=\sigma(\ell,\hat{q},\beta^\ast)\setminus \{\hat{\lambda}_n|n\in\Lambda\} \] where \[ \sum_{n\in\Lambda}n^k|\lambda_n-\hat{\lambda}_n|<\infty, \] \(k=0\) if \(|\beta|+|\beta^\ast|=\infty\) and \(k=1\) if \(|\beta|+|\beta^\ast|\in\mathbb{R}\), then \[ q-\hat{q}=\sum_{n\in\Lambda} (\hat{y}_n(x)\varphi_n(x))' \] a.e. on \((0,1)\). This summation is uniformly absolutely convergent on \([\epsilon,1]\) for each \(\epsilon>0\). Here \(\hat{y}_n\) and \(\varphi_n\) are suitable solutions to \(L_{\ell,\hat{q}}\hat{y}_n=\lambda_n\hat{y}_n\) and \(L_{\ell,q}\varphi_n=\lambda_n\varphi_n\) respectively. This extends the results of \textit{M. G. Gasymov} [Sov. Math., Dokl. 6, 396--399 (1965; Zbl 0143.11302); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 161, 274--276 (1965)] and \textit{H. Hochstadt} [Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 26, 715--729 (1973; Zbl 0281.34015)] to a higher degree of singularity and to allow an infinite set of perturbed eigenvalues.