Turning cycle restrictions into mesh patterns via Foata's fundamental transformation (Q6177428)

This article gives the generating function for the number of permutations avoiding a certain mesh pattern, solving a conjecture of the first author [Algebr. Comb. 5, No. 6, 1257--1277 (2022; Zbl 1504.05008)]. The key idea is the use of Foata's fundamental transformation [\textit{D. Foata}, Publ. Inst. Stat. Univ. Paris 14, 81--241 (1965; Zbl 0133.41304)], which gives a bijection that maps the major index to the inversion number.