Surfaces with \(c_1^2 =9\) and \(\chi =5\) whose canonical classes are divisible by 3 (Q6185960)

The paper under review is a detailed study of the minimal complex surfaces \(S\) such that \(c_1^2(S)\colon=c_1^2=9\), and \(\chi(\mathcal{O}_S)\colon=\chi=5\), with canonical class \(K_S\) divisible by \(3\) in \(H^2(S,\mathbb{Z})\), i.e., there is \(L\in \operatorname{Pic}(S)\) such that \(3L\sim K_S\). These types of surfaces satisfy that \(p_g(S)=p_g=4\), and \(q(S)=q=0\), and therefore \(\frac{c_1^2}{c_2}=\frac{9}{51}\). The classification of minimal surfaces with \(p_g=4\) has been done completely for \(4\leq c_1^2\leq 7\) due to several works made by Noether, Enriques, Bauer, and Horikawa. When \(c_1^2=8\), many examples are known, and there is a partial classification of such surfaces because of the efforts of mathematicians such as Bauer, Pignatelli, Ciliberto, Francia, and Mendes Lopes. See [\textit{I. C. Bauer} and \textit{R. Pignatelli}, Osaka J. Math. 46, No. 3, 799--820 (2009; Zbl 1181.14040); \textit{C. Ciliberto}, Duke Math. J. 48, 121--157 (1981; Zbl 0468.14011); \textit{C. Ciliberto} et al., Math. Z. 224, No. 1, 137--166 (1997; Zbl 0871.14011) ]. In this paper, the study is focused on the case \(c_1^2=9\). In particular, the author shows that if \(c_1^2=9,\chi=5\), and \(K_2\sim 3L\), then the canonical model of \(S\) is a complete intersection \((6,10)\) in the weighted projective space \(\mathbb{P}(1,2,2,3,5)\), and the moduli space of such surfaces \(\mathcal{M}\) is unirational with dimension \(34\). Moreover, the canonical map \(\phi(K_S)\) of \(S\) is either birational onto its image in which case \(\operatorname{Im}(\phi(K_S))\) is a sextic on \(\mathbb{P}^3\), or \(\phi(K_S)\) is a double cover of its image which is a cubic surface on \(\mathbb{P}^3\). The last type of surfaces form an \(33\)-dimensional place in \(\mathcal{M}\).