Properties of topological partitions and mappings of topological groups (Q6186221)

A partition of a set \(X\) or a topological space \((X, \mathcal{T})\) is a covering \(\gamma\) of the set \(X\) by nonempty, pairwise disjoint subsets. A topological partition of a topological space \((X,\mathcal{T})\) is a pair \([(X,\mathcal{T}), \gamma]\), where \(\gamma\) is a partition of the set \(X\). Thus, a topological partition \([(X,\mathcal{T}), \gamma]\) can be identified with the triple \([X,\mathcal{T}, \gamma]\). In this case, one can introduce a topology \(\mathcal{T}_Y\) on the set \(\gamma\); it is called the factor topology on the partition \(\gamma\). (see [\textit{R. Engelking} and \textit{K. Sieklucki}, Wstȩp do topologii (Polish). Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe (1986; Zbl 0683.54002)]). The notion of a topological partition arose a long time ago. This notion is based on the concept of a continuous mapping, which plays a major role in comparing topological spaces. It seems that topological partitions will play an increasingly important role in the theory of topological spaces and in topological algebra. In this paper, the author takes several steps in this direction: he introduces a number of notions related immediately to topological partitions and outline new questions. At the same time, the content of the paper is closely related to many classical fundamental concepts of general topology, namely, compactness, homogeneity, and Čech completeness; he also obtains new facts related to these concepts. Some directions of topological algebra developed in the classical works of \textit{J. van Mill} [Isr. J. Math. 165, 133--159 (2008; Zbl 1153.54021)], etc. are disccussed. The main results of the paper are, in particular, Theorems 4.3, 4.4, 4.9, and 4.11 and Corollary 4.6. They concern the properties of compacta, which are continuous images of topological groups under continuous closed or open mappings.