Hadamard products and binomial ideals (Q6199034)

Given \(V,W\subseteq \mathbb{P}^n\), the Hadamard product of \(V\) and \(W\), denoted by \(V\star W\), is the Zariski closure of the image of the rational map from \(V\times W\) to \(\mathbb{P}^n\) defined by the componentwise product of coordinates, \[ (p_0:\cdots : p_n,q_0: \cdots : q_n) \mapsto (p_0q_0 : \cdots : p_nq_n). \] The Hadamard product of two ideals in \(R=k[x_0,\dots,x_n]\) can be also be defined (Definition~2.3). By a standard elimination argument, when the two ideals are the vanishing ideals of the varieties, their Hadamard product is the vanishing ideal of the Hadamard product of the varieties. In the article under review, the authors obtain characterizations of the Hadamard product of certain binomial varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. They focus on the study of Hadamard products of two varieties whose vanishing ideals are of the form \[ (a_1\mathbf{x}^{\alpha_1}-b_1\textbf{x}^{\beta_1},a_2\mathbf{x}^{\alpha_2}-b_2\textbf{x}^{\beta_2},\dots, a_s\mathbf{x}^{\alpha_s}-b_s\textbf{x}^{\beta_s}) \] for the same \(\alpha_i,\beta_i\) and for possibly different \(a_i,b_i\). They refer to these as binomial varieties with the same binomial exponents. In Theorem~3.5, the authors show that the Hadamard product of two binomial varieties, \(V,W\subseteq \mathbb{P}^n\), with the same binomial exponents, one of which contains a point \(p\), with no coordinate equal to zero, is again a binomial variety with the same binomial exponents. As a corollary, they show that if \(p\in V'\subseteq V\), where \(V'\) is any subvariety of \(V\) then \[ p\star W = V'\star W = V \star W \] (Corollary 3.7). As applications, in Theorem~4.5, the authors show that if \(V\) is a toric variety and \(p\in V'\subseteq V\) are as above, then \(V'\star V = V\); in Theorem~4.10, they show that if \(I_G\) if the edge ideal of a simple graph \(G\) and \(H\) is a subgraph of \(G\) then the \(I_G\star I_H = I_H\), where \(I_H\) is seen as the extension of the edge ideal of \(H\) in \(k[E_G]\); and in Theorem~4.12 they show that the Hilbert function of the Hadamard product of two binomials varieties, \(V,W\subseteq \mathbb{P}^n\), with the same binomial exponents both of which contain a point with no coordinate equal to zero, is equal of the Hilbert function of \(V\) and to the Hilbert function of \(W\). In section~5, the authors study loci of Hadamard transformations of a variety by a point. More precisely, given \(V\subseteq\mathbb{P}^n\) and \(p\in \mathbb{P}^n\) a point with no coordinate equal to zero, consider \[ \psi(V,p) = \{q\in \mathbb{P}^n : q\star V = p\star V \}. \] In Theorem 5.3, the authors give an explicit description of the vanishing ideal of \(\psi(V,p)\) in terms of a Gröbner basis of the vanishing ideal of \(V\).