Quantum symmetries and exceptional collections (Q621325)

In the paper under review, the author studies some identities about monodromy operators around boundary divisors of the compactification of the moduli space of Kähler forms on a Calabi-Yau variety. More precisely, let \(X\) be a Calabi-Yau variety, and let \(\mathcal{M}_{K}(X)\) be the complexified Kähler moduli space of \(X\). This is an intricate object which has a rich combinatorial structure whenever \(X\) is a hypersurface in a toric variety. In general it is not compact, and the boundary of a compactification \(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{K}(X)\) of it consists of two different types of divisors: the large radius divisor (corresponding to cycles having infinite volume) and the irreducible components of the discriminant. The fundamental group \(\pi_{1}(\mathcal{M}_{K}(X))\) is not trivial, and it is interesting to understand the monodromy actions around the different types of divisors of the boundary. A monodromy representation is given by a group morphism \(\mu:\pi_{1}(\mathcal{M}_{K}(X))\longrightarrow \mathrm{Aut}(D(X))\), where \(D(X)\) is the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on \(X\). An extensive treatment of monodromies in terms of Fourier-Mukai functors is presented by \textit{P. S. Aspinwall}, \textit{R. L. Karp} and \textit{R. P. Horja} [Commun. Math. Phys. 259, No. 1, 45--69 (2005; Zbl 1082.81069)]. Given a presentation of \(\pi_{1}(\mathcal{M}_{K}(X))\) where we know the images of the generators under \(\mu\), the relations in the presentation detemine interesting identities in \(\mathrm{Aut}(D(X))\). The aim of the paper is to show some of these identities in some interesting examples. The author uses explicit descriptions of the singular points of of boundary divisors of \(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{K}(X)\), the description of the monodromy operators in terms of Fourier-Mukai functors, and properties of Fourier-Mukai functors associated to exceptional collections in \(D(X)\). The notions of exceptional object and collection and their properties are recalled in section 2. The first example is \(X=\mathbb{C}^{2}/\mathbb{Z}_{3}\), where the action of \(\mathbb{Z}_{3}\) on \(\mathbb{C}^{2}\) is \(\omega\cdot(z_{1},z_{2}):=(\omega z_{1},\omega^{2}z_{2})\), where \(\omega^{3}=1\), i. e. the unique supersymmetric action. The monodromy operators around the \(\mathbb{Z}_{2}\) points are known by \textit{R. L. Karp} [Commun. Math. Phys. 270, No. 1, 163-196 (2007; Zbl 1114.14007)], and reproved by \textit{A. Canonaco} [Exceptional sequences and derived autoequivalences, \url{arxiv:0801.0173}]. Karp conjectured that the monodromy operator \(M_{\mathbb{Z}_{3}}\) around the \(\mathbb{Z}_{3}\) point is such that \((M_{\mathbb{Z}_{3}})^{3}=\mathrm{id}\): this is proved by Canonaco [Exceptional sequences and derived autoequivalences, \url{arxiv:0801.0173}], and the author gives a different proof in the present paper. A second example is \(X=\mathbb{C}^{3}/\mathbb{Z}_{5}\), where \(\mathbb{Z}_{5}\) acts as \(\omega\cdot(z_{1},z_{2},z_{3}):=(\omega z_{1},\omega z_{2},\omega^{3}z_{3})\), where \(\omega^{5}=1\) (i. e. again the unique supersymmetric action). Again, the monodromy operators around orbifold points are studied. The main result is that the monodromy operator \(M_{\mathbb{Z}_{5}}\) around the \(\mathbb{Z}_{5}\) point is such that \((M_{\mathbb{Z}_{5}})^{5}=\mathrm{id}\), showing a conjecture of \textit{R. L. Karp} [J. Math. Phys. 50, No. 2, 022304, 30 pp. (2009; Zbl 1202.81175)]. A third and last example is the degree 18 hypersurface \(X\) in the weighted projective space \(\mathbb{P}^{4}_{9,6,1,1,1}\). In this case there are various interesting monodromies, namely the monodromy operator \(M_{1}\) around the orbifold point, the monodromy operator \(M_{2}\) around the \(\mathbb{P}^{2}\) point, and the monodromy operator \(M_{3}\) around the Landau-Ginzburg point. Some identities concerning compositions of these monodromy operators are shown by using exceptional objects and associated Fourier-Mukai functors. In section 4 general situations are discussed. A result of \textit{Y. Kawamata} [Am. J. Math. 126, No. 5, 1057--1083 (2004; Zbl 1076.14023)] suggests that the techniques of the paper should be useful in studying some identities for monodromy operators for a large class of Calabi-Yau varieties. The main difficulty is to give detailed descriptions of the singularities of \(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{K}(X)\), of the discriminant locus and of its intersections with the large radius divisor. General statements can however be provided for hypersurfaces in weighted projective spaces, as shown by \textit{A. Canonaco} and \textit{R. L. Karp} [J. Geom. Phys. 58, No. 6, 743--760 (2008; Zbl 1149.18007)].