Harmonic morphisms and Riemannian geometry of tangent bundles (Q621329)

Let \((M,g)\) be a Riemannian \(n\)-dimensional manifold and let \(G\) (resp., \(\widetilde{G}\)) be some \(g\)-natural metrics (introduced in [\textit{O. Kowalski} and \textit{M. Sekizawa}, Bull. Tokyo Gakugei Univ., Sect. IV, Ser. Math. Nat. Sci. 40, 1--29 (1988; Zbl 0656.53021)]) on the tangent bundle \(TM\) (resp. the unit tangent bundle \(T_1 M\)). It is emphasized here that Cheeger-Gromoll, Kaluza-Klein and Oproiu metrics [\textit{V. Oproiu}, Publ. Math. 55, No. 3--4, 261--281 (1999; Zbl 0992.53053)] are examples of \(g\)-natural metrics. First, the authors deal with the geometry of the canonical projections \(\pi : (TM,G)\rightarrow (M,g)\) and \(\pi_1: (T_1 M, \widetilde{G})\rightarrow (M,g)\). Then, they characterize with respect to \(G\) (resp., \(\widetilde{G}\)) each of the following properties for the map \(\pi\) (resp., \(\pi_1\)) to be: horizontally conformal, a Riemannian submersion up to the scale, with totally geodesic or minimal fibres, harmonic, \(n\)-harmonic, harmonic morphism [\textit{P. Baird} and \textit{J. C. Wood}, Harmonic morphisms between Riemannian manifolds. London Mathematical Society Monographs. New Series 29. Oxford: Oxford University Press (2003; Zbl 1055.53049)]. By considering the Riemannian \(g\)-natural metrics \(G\) and \( \widetilde{G}\) of Kaluza-Klein type, several results are obtained for the canonical projection \(\Phi : (TM-{0}) \rightarrow (T_1 M, \widetilde{G})\) to be either horizontally conformal or harmonic (or both, which means that \(\Phi\) is a harmonic morphism).