On invariant sets in Lagrangian graphs (Q625944)

Let \(M\) be an \(n\)-dimensional manifold. A Lagrangian graph is a Lagrangian submanifold \(\Gamma\subset T^*M\) which is the graph of a 1-form \(\eta:M\to T^*M\), i.e. \(\Gamma= \{(x,\eta(x))\,|\,x\in M\}\). It is easy to check that the graph \(\Gamma\) is Lagrangian if and only if \(d\eta=0\). It is also known that if a Lagrangian graph \(\Gamma\) is invariant under the Hamiltonian flow \(\phi_H^t\) of a sufficiently regular function \(H:T^*M\to \mathbb{R}\), then \(H\) is constant on \(\Gamma\). In this paper, the authors deal with the case when just a compact invariant connected subset \(\Lambda\subseteq\Gamma\) of a Lagrangian graph \(\Gamma\) is invariant under the Hamiltonian flow \(\phi_H^t\). They prove that the Hamiltonian is constant on \(\Lambda\), provided that the Hamiltonian and the graph are sufficiently smooth. Some counterexamples are presented to show that if \(H\) is not smooth enough then it may be non-constant on some invariant subset \(\Lambda\) of a Lagrangian graph \(\Gamma\).