Instanton approximation, periodic ASD connections, and mean dimension (Q629711)

In their pioneering work, \textit{M. F. Atiyah, N. J. Hitchin} and \textit{I. M. Singer} [Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 362, 425--461 (1978; Zbl 0389.53011)] showed that the moduli space of gauge equivalence classes of irreducible self-dual connections over a compact self-dual 4-manifold of positive scalar curvature is finite-dimensional and gave a formula for its dimension. The present work is an attempt to develop an infinite-dimensional analogue of it. The moduli space \(\mathcal{M}_d\) of gauge equivalence classes of anti self-dual (ASD) connections on the trivial \(SU(2)\)-bundle over \(S^3\times\mathbb{R}\), with \(L^\infty\)-norm of curvature \(\leq d\), is infinite dimensional. Its mean dimension \(\dim(\mathcal{M}_d:\mathbb{R})\), with respect to the canonical action of the additive Lie group \(\mathbb{R}\), is finite. The authors also consider the local mean dimension of \(\mathcal{M}_d\). They find an upper bound by using a ``Runge-approximation'' for ASD connections, and a lower bound by constructing an infinite dimensional deformation theory for periodic ASD connections.