Indecomposable and noncrossed product division algebras over function fields of smooth \(p\)-adic curves. (Q631812)

A division algebra is decomposable if it is the tensor product of central subalgebras, and a crossed product if it has a maximal subfield Galois over the center. This paper presents a new construction of indecomposable and noncrossed product algebras over function fields of smooth curves defined over \(\mathbb Z_p\), thereby generalizing previous constructions over \(\mathbb Q_p(t)\). Let \(K\) be a local field which is the field of fractions of a complete discrete valuation ring \(R\), and let \(p\) be the characteristic of the residue field. Let \(X\) be a smooth integral curve over \(R\). Let \(K(X)\) denote the function field, and \(\widehat{K(X)}\) its completion in the special fiber \(X_0\). Thus, in characteristic zero, \(K(X)\) is a finite extension of \(\mathbb Q_p(t)\) (but not all finite extensions are obtained in this manner). The key ingredient in the construction is an index preserving map \(s\colon\text{Br}(\widehat{K(X)})'\to\text{Br}(K(X))'\) which splits the restriction map (the prime denotes the prime-to-\(p\) part of the groups). Such a map enables one to transfer division algebras over \(\widehat{K(X)}\) to division algebras over \(K(X)\). This is a special case of a more general setup. Namely, the authors construct a map \(s\colon H^a(\widehat{K(X)},\mu_n^{\otimes r})\to H^a(K(X),\mu_n^{\otimes r})\), for arbitrary \(a\geq 0\) and \(r\), which splits the restriction. Let \(A=\mathcal O_{X,\eta_0}\), where \(\eta_0\) is the generic point of \(X_0\); and let \(\widehat A\) be the completion of \(A\). Then \(s\) is defined by taking tame lifts, from \(\widehat A\) to \(K(X)\), of the components of elements in the left-hand side resulting from decomposition via Witt's exact sequence. The main results are as follows. Let \(q\neq p\) be a prime; then there are indecomposable division algebras over \(K(X)\) with index \(q^i\) and period \(q^e\), for every \(1<e\leq i\leq 2e-1\). This should be contrasted with the recent proof of Saltman, Suresh and Brussel-Tengan that all division algebras of index \(q^2\) and exponent \(q\) are decomposable, over any finite \(L/\mathbb Q_p(t)\). Furthermore, there are noncrossed products over \(K(X)\) with the same index and period as the noncrossed products (essentially) constructed by \textit{E. Brussel} over \(\widehat{K(X)}\) [Am. J. Math. 117, No. 2, 377-393 (1995; Zbl 0822.16013)]. As in Amitsur's original construction of noncrossed products, the periods are \(q^2\) for \(q\) odd, and \(8\); but here the index may be larger than the period.