On the 1-homotopy type of Lie groupoids (Q633807)

The author introduces a Morita invariant \(1\)-homotopy for Hilsum-Skandalis maps between Lie groupoids that generalizes the notions of natural transformation for general categories and ordinary homotopy for topological categories. Using the bicategorical approach of \textit{N. P. Landsman} [Fields Inst. Commun. 30, 271--286 (2001; Zbl 1023.18009)], the author defines a new notion of 1-homotopy and essential 1-homotopy equivalence. It is then demonstrated that equivalence in the associated bicategory of fractions is invariant under Morita equivalence. In addition, it is shown that the homotopy groups of a groupoid, defined in terms of the classifying space of the groupoid, are invariant under the resulting notion of Morita 1-homotopy equivalence. As an application, the author uses the definition of orbifold in terms of Lie groupoids given by \textit{I. Moerdijk} [Contemp. Math. 310, 205--222 (2002; Zbl 1041.58009)] and \textit{I. Moerdijk} and \textit{D. A. Pronk} [K-Theory 12, No. 1, 3--21 (1997; Zbl 0883.22005)] to develop a notion of 1-homotopy type for orbifolds.