Noncommutative biorthogonal polynomials (Q651050)

In this paper biorthogonal sequences of polynomials over noncommutative rings are defined and studied, generalizing previous treatments of biorthogonal polynomials over commutative rings and of orthogonal polynomials over noncommutative rings. A biorthogonal family consists of two sequences of polynomials \(\{ p_n(x) \}\) and \(\{ q_n(y) \}\), over a division ring \(R\), along with a function \(<\;. \;, \;. \;> \;: R [ x ] \times R [ y ] \rightarrow R\) such that \(<p_n(x), q_m(y) >\;= 0\) for all \(n \not= m\). Using this definition, recurrence relations for specific cases of biorthogonal polynomials are obtained. Moreover, a broad extension of Favard's theorem is proven.