On systems of equations over free products of groups. (Q651246)

The authors considers free products of groups \(G=G_1*G_2\) which are equationally Noetherian. They build a version of Makanin-Razborov diagrams over such groups, in order to describe sets of solutions of systems of equations in such groups \(G\). Equivalently, they give a parametrization of the set \(\Hom(H,G)\) of all homomorphisms from a finitely generated group \(H\) to \(G\). Furthermore, they show that every algebraic set over \(G\) can be decomposed as a union of finitely many images of algebraic sets of ``NTQ-systems''. If the universal Horn theory of \(G\) is decidable, then their constructions are effective. Very similar questions are addressed by \textit{E. Jaligot} and \textit{Z. Sela}, [in Ill. J. Math. 54, No. 1, 19-68 (2010; Zbl 1252.20043)]. There the free products \(G\) are not assumed to be equationally Noetherian, but the groups \(H\) are supposed to be finitely presented (which suffices in order to understand sets of solutions of finite systems of equations over \(G\), and then to understand the first-order theory of \(G\) as done later by Z. Sela). The question of describing the set \(\Hom(H,G)\) of all homomorphisms from an arbitrary finitely generated group \(H\) to an arbitrary free product \(G\) remains open.