The first Szegő limit theorem on multi-dimensional torus (Q6562853)

Let \(\mathbb{T}^d\), \(1 \leq d \leq \infty\), be the \(d\)-torus with normalized Lebesgue measure \(m_d\). Let \(\varphi \in L^1(\mathbb{T})\) and let \(\widehat{\varphi}\) be the Fourier transform of \(\varphi\). The truncated \(N \times N\) Toeplitz matrix with symbol \(\varphi\) is given by\N\[\NT_N \varphi = \{ \widehat{\varphi}(j-i)\}_{i,j =1}^N.\N\]\NThe Szegő limit theorem states:\NLet \(\varphi(z) > 0\) be a continuous function on \(\mathbb{T}\), then\N\[\N\lim_{N \rightarrow \infty} ( \text{det } T_N \varphi )^{1/N} = \text{exp } \left(\int_{\mathbb{T}} \log \varphi \, dm_1\right).\N\]\NThis result was eventually extended to \(\varphi \in L_+^1 (\mathbb{T})\).\N\NIn the present paper the authors extend the Szegő limit theorem to \(\mathbb{T}^d\) for \(1 \leq d \leq \infty\). Let \(\sigma =\{ \xi_1, \dots, \xi_N\} \subseteq \mathbb{Z}^d\) and let \(\varphi \in L^1(\mathbb{T}^d)\). The truncated matrix with respect to \(\sigma\) is\N\[\NT_{\sigma} \varphi = \{ \widehat{\varphi} (\xi_j - \xi_i)\}_{1 \leq i,j \leq N}.\N\]\NThe authors establish the following inequality: Let \(\varphi \in L_+^1(\mathbb{T}^d)\), \(1 \leq d \leq \infty\), and let \(\sigma\) be a finite subset of \(\mathbb{Z}^d\); then\N\[\N\text{exp}\left( \int_{\mathbb{T}^d} \log \varphi \, dm_d \right) \leq (\text{det }T_{\sigma} \varphi)^{\frac{1}{|\sigma|}} \leq \Vert \varphi \Vert_1.\N\]\NUsing this inequality the authors prove the following generalization of Szegő's theorem.\N\NLet \(\varphi \in L_+^1(\mathbb{T}^d), 1 \leq d \leq \infty\), and let \(\{ \sigma_N\}\) be a Følner sequence in \(\mathbb{Z}^d\). Then\N\[\N\lim_{N \rightarrow \infty} \left( \text{det } T_{\sigma_N} \varphi \right)^{\frac{1}{|\sigma_N |}} = \text{exp }\left(\int_{\mathbb{T}^d} \log \varphi \, dm_d\right).\N\]\NGeneralizations of other versions of Szegő's limit theorem are also given in the paper. For example, it is shown:\N\NLet \(\varphi \in L^1_+ (\mathbb{T}^d), 1 \leq d \leq \infty\), and let \(\{ \sigma_N\}\) be a Følner sequence in \(\mathbb{Z}^d\). If \(f \in C[0, \infty)\) for which \(\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty} \frac{f(x)}{x}\) is finite, then\N\[\N\lim_{N \rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{|\sigma_N |}\text{Tr}\,f (T_{\sigma_N} \varphi) = \int_{\mathbb{T}^d} f(\varphi)\, dm_d.\N\]