Short homology bases for hyperelliptic hyperbolic surfaces (Q6594754)

The article under review deals with short curves on hyperelliptic Riemann surfaces of genus \(g \geq 2\). Those surfaces admit a set of \(3g-3\) simple closed non-intersecting geodesic curves, such that cutting along them the surface decomposes it into pairs of pants. Those geodesics can be chosen in order to get that the upper bound of their hyperbolic lengths is of order \(g\).\N\NIn the present paper the authors are interested in homology bases of Riemann surfaces, and so they study the lengths of closed geodesic loops, which constitute a basis for the homology of a surface. An upper bound for those lengths on hyperbolic surfaces was obtained by \textit{F. Balacheff} et al. [Geom. Funct. Anal. 22, No. 1, 37-73 (2012; Zbl 1254.30057)].\N\NThe main result of the paper under review is Theorem 4.3, according to which, given a hyperelliptic Riemann surface \(S\) of genus \(g \geq 2\), there exist \(\lceil{\frac{2g+2}{3}\rceil}\) geodesic loops \(\alpha_k\), for \(k=1,\dots,\lceil{\frac{2g+2}{3}\rceil}\), that can be extended to a homology basis of \(H_1(S, \mathbb{Z})\), such that\N\[\N\ell(\alpha_k) \leq 4\log\left(\frac {12(g-1)}{2g+5-3k} +2\right).\N\]\NIn terms of the homology basis, this result is rephrased for a fraction of the basis in corollary 4.4, as follows: for any \(\lambda \in (0,1)\), there exist \(\lceil{\lambda \cdot \frac{2}{3}g\rceil }\) geodesic loops \(\alpha_k\) that can be extended to a homology basis of \(H_1(S, \mathbb{Z})\), such that\N\[\N\ell(\alpha_k) \leq 4\log \left(\frac {6}{1 - \lambda} +2\right).\N\]\NIn the final Section 5, the authors apply these estimates to study the Jacobian torus \(J(S)\) of the surface \(S\). In this setting, they obtain an upper bound for \(||{v_k}||^2\), where the \(v_k\) are \(\lceil{\lambda \cdot \frac{2}{3}g\rceil}\) linearly independent vectors in the lattice of \(J(S)\) that can be extended to a lattice basis. Furthermore, that bound does not depend on the genus \(g\), but only on the arbitrary \(\lambda \in (0,1)\).