Star stability and star regularity for Mori domains (Q661353)

Let \(R\) be an integral domain with quotient field \(K,\) throughout, and let \( F(R)\) be the set of nonzero fractional ideals of \(R\). A fractional ideal will be referred to as ideal and an integral ideal if it is contained in \(R\). \(R\) is called a Mori domain if \(R\) satisfies ACC on its nonzero integral divisorial ideals. A nonzero ideal \(I\) of \(R\) is called stable if \(I\) is invertible in the overring \(E(I)=I:I=\{x\in K:xI\subseteq I\}\) and \(R\) is called stable if every nonzero ideal of \(R\) is stable. The reader may look up \textit{D. D. Anderson, J. A. Huckaba} and \textit{I. J. Papick}'s [Houston J. Math. 13, 13--17 (1987; Zbl 0624.13002)] to take a peek into how this concept evolved. Next note that \(F(R)\) is a semigroup under the usual multiplication of fractional ideals, let \(P(R)\) denote the group of nonzero principal fractional ideals of \(R\) and call \( S(R)=F(R)/P(R)\) the class semigroup of \(R.\) Then \(R\) is called Clifford regular if every class in \(S(R)\) is von Neumann regular i.e., for all \(I\in F(R)\) there is \(J\in F(R)\) such that \([I]=[I^{2}J].\) The paper under review is one of several recent papers that strive to translate stability and Clifford regularity into the framework of star operations and semistar ((semi)star) operations; with the difference that it restricts itself to Mori domains. The star operations are functions on \(F(R)\) with specific properties and the semistar ((semi)star) operations are generalizations of star operations and are functions on \(\mathcal{F}(R)\) the set of nonzero \(R\) -submodules of \(K.\) Introduction to these notions would be somewhat lengthy. So I refer the interested reader who may not be quite current, to [``Putting t-invertibility to use'', Non-Noetherian commutative ring theory. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Math. Appl., Dordr. 520, 429--457 (2000; Zbl 0988.13003)] for star operations and for the generalizations (semistar and (semi)star operations) to [\textit{S. El Baghdadi, M. Fontana} and \textit{G. Picozza}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 193, No. 1-3, 27--60 (2004; Zbl 1081.13003)]. I assume familiarity with star operations and their generalizations and give below an idea of where these notions were rendered into the language of star semistar, (semi)star etc. operations. The notion of ``star'' stability, which is defined using (semi)star operations in the paper under review, was studied by these authors in [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 208, No. 3, 853--866 (2007; Zbl 1174.13004)]. The idea is: let \(\ast \) be a (semi)star operation on \(R\), let \(I\) be a nonzero ideal of \(R\), and let \(E=I^{\ast }:I^{\ast }=E(I^{\ast })\). Then \(E\) is an overring of \(R\) and \(\mathcal{F} (E)\subseteq \mathcal{F}(R).\) Denote by \(\overset{.}{\ast }\) the restriction, which turns out to be a (semi)star operation, of \(\ast \) to \(E\) and call \(I\) \(\ast \)-stable if \(I^{\ast }\) is \(\overset{.}{\ast }\) -invertible in \(E,\) i.e., \((I^{\ast }(E:I^{\ast })^{\overset{.}{\ast }}=E.\) Of course \(R\) is \(\ast \)-stable if every nonzero ideal of \(R\) is \(\ast \) -stable. If \(\ast \) were a star operation then \(E=I^{\ast }:I^{\ast }\) being a fractional ideal we would have \(F(E)\subseteq F(R)\). So if \(\ast \) is a star operation then \(\overset{.}{\ast }\) is well defined and a star operation. This approach to star stability is independent of semistar ((semi)star) operations, as is evident from the above procedure. Thus an ideal \(I^{\ast }\) is \(\ast \)-stable, for a given star operation \(\ast ,\) if \( I^{\ast }\) is \(\ast \)-invertible in \(E=I^{\ast }:I^{\ast },\) i.e., \((I^{\ast }(E:I^{\ast })^{\ast }=E.\) Star stability in the language of star operations on monoids was touched on by \textit{F. Halter-Koch} [Forum Math. 21, No. 6, 1001--1020 (2009; Zbl 1189.13002)], in passing. Now let \(\ast \) be a star operation and define \(F_{\ast }(R)=\{J^{\ast }:\) \( J\in F(R)\}.\) Then \(F_{\ast }(R)\) is a semigroup under star multiplication that has \(P(R)\) as its subgroup. Call \(S_{\ast }(R)=F_{\ast }(R)/P(R)\) the \( \ast \)-class semigroup of \(R\) and call \(R\) Clifford \(\ast \)-regular, or simply \(\ast \)-regular, if every class \([I^{\ast }]\in S_{\ast }(R)\) is von Neumann regular, that is there is \(J\in F(R)\) such that \([I^{\ast }]=[(I^{2}J)^{\ast }].\) Kabbaj and Mimouni have written several articles on \( t\)-class semigroups and on Clifford \(t\)-regularity and the authors of the paper under review have adapted Kabbaj and Mimouni's definition for \(t\) -class semigroups foe \(\ast \)-class semigroups. For a reference to \textit{S. Kabbaj} and \textit{A. Mimouni}'s work look up [J. Reine Angew. Math. 612, 213--229 (2007; Zbl 1151.13003)]. With the above definitions, restricting to the star operations \(\ast =d,w\) and \(t,\) defined as (semi)star operations, the authors offer results such as: (1) Let \(R\) be a Mori domain. Then \(R\) is Clifford \(t\)-regular (resp., \( t \)-stable, \(w\)-stable) if and only if \(R_{M}\) is Clifford \(t_{M}\)-regular (resp., \(t_{M}\)-stable, stable) for each maximal \(t\)-ideal \(M\) of \(R,\) \( t_{M} \) represents \(t\)-operation for \(R_{M}.\) (2) Let \(R\) be an integrally closed Mori domain. Then it is equivalent to say that \(R\) is (a) \(w\) -regular, (b) a Krull domain or (c) \(w\)-stable. Reviewer's Comment: The main idea seems to be that a (semi)star operation restricted to \(F(R)\) is a star operation and, essentially, the notions of stability and regularity are somewhat easy in case of star operations, so define new ``star stability'' for a (semi)star operation which depends for its definition only on fractional ideals. This is an interesting approach but then the terminology should be (semi)star-star stability and (semi)star-star regularity. To indicate the need for keeping the terminologies of (semi)star operation related concepts separated from star operation related ones, let me recall that for an extension of integral domains \(R\subseteq D\) and for a (semi)star operation \(\ast \) on \(R,\) the authors call \(D\) \(\ast \)-compatible if\(\;D^{\ast }=D.\) The authors compare it with the notion of \(\ast \) -comparability for \(\ast \) a star operation which is given as: \(D\) is \(\ast \) -compatible if for all \(I\in F(R)\) we have \((I^{\ast }D)^{\ast _{D}}=(ID)^{\ast _{D}}.\) I note that the two notions of compatibility are totally different and so must have different names to avoid confusion. For \( D^{\ast }=D\) forces \(D\) into \(F(R)\) if \(\ast \) is a star operation and \(D\) can be a non-fractional overring in \(\mathcal{F}(R)\) if \(\ast \) is a (semi)star operation. On the other hand the notion of \(\ast \)-compatibility as originally defined by \textit{D. F. Anderson} [Commun. Algebra 16, No. 4, 805--847 (1988; Zbl 0648.13002)] did not restrict \(D\) to be an overring.