On the set of values of a positive ternary quadratic form (Q6633322)

Let \(A\in \mathrm{Mat}(n\times n,\mathbb{Z})\) be a symmetric positive definite matrix of integers, where \(n\geq 2\) and let \(\Lambda:=\{(Ax,x),x\in\mathbb{Z}^n\}\) be the set of values of its quadratic form on integral vectors. This set can be enumerated in the increasing order:\N\[\N0=\lambda_0<\lambda_1<\lambda_2<\dots\N\]\NThis work is interested in the question as to whether the distances between neighbouring elements of \(\Lambda\) are bounded, i.e., is it true that\N\[\N\sup\{\lambda_{k+1}-\lambda_{k}:k=0,1,\dots\}<+\infty\text{ or that }\sup\{\lambda_{k+1}-\lambda_{k}:k=0,1,\dots\}=+\infty ?\N\]\NObviously that for \(n=2\) these distances are not bounded. On the other hand, it is known that for \(n\geq 4\), the set \(\Lambda\) contains an infinite arithmetic progression. In this work, shown that for also \(n=3\), the set \(\Lambda\) contains an infinite arithmetic progression. Therefore, \(\sup\{\lambda_{k+1}-\lambda_{k}:k=0,1,2,\dots\}<+\infty\) if \(n\geq 3\).