Restriction of the Fourier transform to some oscillating curves (Q667669)

Let \(\gamma: I \to \mathbb{R}^{n}\) be a smooth curve and let \(f\) be a Schwartz function on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\). In this paper one deals with restriction bounds of the form \[ \left(\int_{I}|\hat{f} (\gamma(t))|^{q}w(t)\,dt\right)^{1/q} \leq C\|f\|_{L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}, \tag{1} \] where \(\hat f\) is the Fourier transform of \(f\), \(C\) is a constant independent of \(f\), and \(p,q\ge 1\). It is natural to take for the weight \(w(t)\) the function \(w(t)=|\tau(t)|^{\frac{2}{n(n+1)}}\) with \(\tau(t)=\det [\gamma'(t),\dotsc,\gamma^{(n)}(t)]\), so that \(\tau(t)\) is the torsion of \(\gamma\). The image of the measure \(|\tau(t)|^{\frac{2}{n(n+1)}}\,dt\) under \(\gamma\) is called the \textit{affine arclength measure} of \(\gamma\). \par When \(\gamma\) is nondegenerate, that is when \(\tau(t)\) is nonvanishing on \(I\), it is known that for \(n=2\) and \(n=3\) the restriction bound (1) holds for \[ 1\leq p <\frac{n^{2}+n+2}{n^{2}+n},\quad 1\leq q\leq \frac{2}{n^{2}+n}\cdot p',\tag{2} \] where \(p'=\frac{p}{p-1}\). The ranges of \(p\) and \(q\) are sharp. \par Here the authors consider the case of \(\gamma\) being a smooth curve of the form \[ \gamma(t)=(t,t^{2},\dotsc,t^{n-1},\phi(t)).\tag {3} \] For these curves one has \(\tau(t)=C\phi^{(n)}(t)\), where \(C>0\) is a dimensional constant. Such curves are called \textit{ simple curves}. In the case \(n=2\), Sjölin obtained sharp uniform bounds for all simple curves with convex \(\phi\). For general simple curves in \(n=2\) defined on compact \(I\), he showed that (1) holds in the whole range (2) if one instead takes \(w(t)=w_{\varepsilon}(t)\), where \[ w_{\varepsilon}(t):= |\tau(t)|^{\frac{2}{n(n+1)}+\varepsilon},\quad \varepsilon > 0. \] The extension to \(n\ge 3\) of the above results is the main goal of this paper: \par Theorem 1. Let \(n\ge 3\) and let \(\gamma\) be a simple curve as in (3) with \(\phi\in C^{\infty}(I)\) defined on a compact interval \(I\). Then the restriction bound (1) holds in the following cases: \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(w(t)=w_{\varepsilon}(t)\), \(\varepsilon>0\) and \[ 1\leq p<\frac{n^{2}+n+2}{n^{2}+n},\quad 1\leq q\leq \frac{2}{n^{2}+n}p'; \] \item[(ii)] \(w(t)=w_{0}(t)\) and \[ 1\leq p<\frac{n^{2}+n+2}{n^{2}+n},\quad 1\leq q< \frac{2}{n^{2}+n}p'. \] \end{itemize} The sharpness of this result can be justified by means of Sjölin curves. \par \(\bullet\) Let \(n\ge 2\) and \(\alpha,\beta>0\). Let \(\gamma\) be the simple curve as in (3) with \(\phi\) given by \(\phi(t) = e^{-t^{-\alpha}}\sin(t^{-\beta}),\, t \in I = [0,1]\). Then the restriction bound (1) holds in cases (i) and (ii) of Theorem 1. Moreover, (1) fails if \(w(t)=w_{0}(t)\), \(q=\frac{2}{n^{2}+n}p'<\infty\), and \(\beta>\frac{(n+1)}{2}\alpha\).