Expansions of solutions to extremal metric type equations on blowups of cscK surfaces (Q670315)

On a Kähler manifold \(X\) extremal metrics are critical points of the Calabi functional in a given Kähler class: \[ \mathrm{Ca}(\Omega) =\int_X(s(\Omega)- \widehat{s}(\Omega))^2, \] where \(\widehat{s}(\Omega)\) is the average of the scalar curvature \(s(\Omega)\). A Kähler manifold is called extremal Kähler manifold if the scalar curvature is the Hamiltonian of a holomorphic vector field. The problem of the existence of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics is related to an algebro-geometric notion of stability, according to the Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture. An important result concerning the existence of extremal metrics on the blowups of extremal manifolds provided in [\textit{C. Arezzo} and \textit{F. Pacard}, Acta Math. 196, No. 2, 179--228 (2006; Zbl 1123.53036)] is that, if the automorphism group of an extremal manifold (in particular a constant scalar curvature Kähler manifold) \((M, \omega)\) is discrete, then, for any \(p \in M\), the blowup \(Bl_pM\) admits constant scalar curvature metrics in the Kähler class \(L_\varepsilon = \pi^*[\omega]- 2\pi\varepsilon^2[E]\) for every small \(\varepsilon > 0\), where \(\pi:Bl_pM\rightarrow M\) is the blowdown map and \(E\) is the exceptional divisor. The above-mentioned study was continued by \textit{G. Székelyhidi} [Duke Math. J. 161, No. 8, 1411--1453 (2012; Zbl 1259.58002)]. He conjectured another existence result and, for dimension \(m>2\), he solved it in [\textit{G. Székelyhidi}, Invent. Math. 200, No. 3, 925--977 (2015; Zbl 1330.58011)], proving that, if \((Bl_pM, L_\varepsilon)\) is \(K\)-stable with respect to some special degenerations for all small \(\varepsilon\), then \(Bl_pM\) admits extremal metrics in the Kähler class \(L_\varepsilon\) for all sufficiently small \(\varepsilon\). Starting from the open problem arose from Székelyhidi's conjecture for dimension 2, in the paper under review, the author deals with the existence problem of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics on \(K\)-stable blowups of extremal Kähler surfaces. He considers a constant scalar curvature Kähler surface \((M,\omega)\), a non-trivial torus \(T\) in the compact group \(G\) of holomorphic Hamiltonian isometries of \((M,\omega)\) and a family of metrics \(\omega_\varepsilon\in L_\varepsilon\) on the blowup \(Bl_pM\). Then he shows that there exists an \(\varepsilon_0\) depending only on \(M,\) \(\omega\) and \(T\), such that, for every \(\varepsilon\in(0,\varepsilon_0)\), and \(p\in M\) fixed by \(T\), there exists a smooth \(T\)-invariant function \(u\in C^\infty(Bl_pM)^T\), and a Hamiltonian function \(f\) of vector fields in the centralizer of the Lie algebra of \(T\) with the expansion \[ f =s_\omega - 2\pi^2\varepsilon^2(V^{-1} +\mu(p))+\frac{\pi s_\omega}{2}\varepsilon^4(V^{-1} +\mu(p))+O(\varepsilon^k), \] for some \(k>4,\) such that \[ s(\omega_\varepsilon +\sqrt{-1}\partial \overline{\partial}u) =I_{\omega_\varepsilon +\sqrt{-1}\partial \overline{\partial}u}(f), \] where \(V\) is the volume of \((M,\omega)\), \(\mu:M\rightarrow \mathfrak{g}^*\) is the moment map and the constant in \(O(\varepsilon^k)\) depends only on \(M,\ \omega\) and \(T\).