Uniform stabilization of an acoustic system (Q6865738)

The paper investigates the following system of equations: \N\[\N\begin{cases} {\mathbf{u}}_t+ \nabla r+b\, {\mathbf{u}}=0 \quad &\text{in }\Omega\times\mathbb{R}^+,\\\Nr_t+\operatorname{div}{\mathbf{u}}=0\quad &\text{in }\Omega\times\mathbb{R}^+,\\\N{\mathbf{u}}\cdot \boldsymbol{n}=0\quad &\text{on }\Gamma\times\mathbb{R}^+,\\\N{\mathbf{u}}(u,x)={\mathbf{u}}^0(x), r(0,x)=r^0(x),\quad & x\in \Omega, \end{cases}\tag{P}\N\]\Nwhere $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\ge 2$, with smooth boundary $\Gamma$. In Problem (P), the subscript $t$ stands for a time derivative, div denotes the (spatial) divergence operator, $\boldsymbol{n}$ denotes the unit outward normal vector along $\Gamma$. The coefficient $b$ is nonnegative in $\Omega$ and it belongs to $L^\infty(\Omega)$.\N\NProblem (P) provides a first-order approximation of acoustic wave propagation in a compressible medium, where the term $b\,{\mathbf{u}}$ represents a Brinkman-type damping mechanism.\N\NProblem (P) is known to generate a contractive semigroup in the space $[L^2(\Omega)]^d\times L^2_n(\Omega)$, where $L^2_n(\Omega)$ denotes the subspace of $L^2(\Omega)$ of functions with vanishing average, with ${\mathbf{u}}$ and $r$ respectively belonging to the first and the second factor. Moreover, when $b$ is not identically vanishing, the semigroup is known to be strongly stable, since all solution go to a stationary state of the system. Moreover, when $b$ is uniformly positive, it is known that exponential stabilization occurs.\N\NThe paper extends the exponentially stability to the more general case when the set \N\[\N\omega=\{x\in\Omega: b(x)>0\}\N\]\Nsatisfies the so-called geometric control condition.