Module classes determined by the behavior of \(y\)-closed submodules (Q6869988)

Recall that a submodule \(N\) of a module \(M\) is said to be \textit{fully invariant} if \(f(N)\subseteq N\), for every \(f\in \mathrm{End}(M)\). If all submodules of \(M\) are fully invariant, \(M\) is called a \textit{duo module}. After, a module \(M\) is called \textit{CL-duo} if each closed submodule of \(M\) is a fully invariant. Also, \textit{A. Tercan} [Rocky Mt. J. Math. 25, No. 4, 1557--1564 (1995; Zbl 0848.16006)] defined a \textit{\(y\)-closed submodule} as a submodule \(K\) of \(A\) that is \(y\)-closed when \(A/K\) is nonsingular. Note that, every \(y\)-closed submodule \(K\) of \(A\) is closed in \(A\).\N\NIn this paper, the authors introduce two new classes of modules:\N\N\textbf{(i)} A module \(M\) is called a \textit{\(y\)-duo module} when all of its \(y\)-closed submodules are fully invariant.\N\textbf{(ii)} If each \(y\)-closed submodule of a module \(A\) is a fully invariant direct summand, then \(A\) is said to be \textit{strongly CLS}.\N\NThe main purpose of this article is first to introduce several properties of these concepts. It then investigates various characterizations and explores multiple relationships between specific features of the modules.