On result involution graphs of finite groups (Q6870004)

The \textit{result involution graph} of a finite group \(G\), defined by \textit{A. Asaad} and \textit{S. Mohammed} [J. Zankoy Sulaimani, 23, No. 3, 113--118 (2021; \url{doi:10.17656/jzs.10846})], is the simple undirected graph \(\Gamma_G^{RI}\) with vertex set \(G\) where two distinct elements \(x,y\in G\) are adjacent if and only if \(xy\) (equivalently, \(yx\)) is an involution. In the paper under review, the authors show that \(\Gamma_G^{RI}\) is connected if and only if \(G\) admits a generating set consisting of involutions and they give exact descriptions of the groups \(G\) for which \(\Gamma_G^{RI}\) is complete or complete bipartite. The authors then focus on three particular families of \(2\)-groups and explicitly describe the structures of their associated result involution graphs. These families are the ``Semi-dihedral groups'' \(SD_{2^n}\), the ``Quasi-dihedral groups'' \(QD_{2^n}\) and the groups of the form \(\mathbb{Z}_{2^{n-1}}\times \mathbb{Z}_2\). The groups \(QD_{2^n}\) and \(\mathbb{Z}_{2^{n-1}}\times \mathbb{Z}_2\) turn out to have isomorphic result involution graphs whenever \(n\ge 4\) and the paper ends with the proposal of a related open problem: the classification of all pairs of non-isomorphic groups with isomorphic result involution graphs.