On and around the balanced Cauchy equation (Q6917807)

Let \(G\) be a unital semigroup and \(K\) be the additive group of a ring. Suppose that a function \(f:G\to K\) satisfies the equation \N\[\Nf (x_1 x_2 \cdots x_k ) =\sum_{i=1}^{k}p_i (x_i )F_i (x_1 , \dots ,\widehat{ x}_i , \dots , x_k ),\N\]\Nwhere all functions \(p_i\) are \(K\)-polynomials on \(G\). The author shows that \(f\) is a \(K\)-polynomial on \(G\) and its degree satisfies the inequality \N\[\N\deg f\leq \deg(p_1 ) + \deg(p_2 ) + \cdots + \deg(p_k )+k-1.\N\]\NHere all \(F_i:G^{n-1}\to K\) functions, and the hat over the variable \(x_i\) indicates that \(F_i\) does not depend on \(x_i\). It is also proved that if \(f\) satisfies the equation \N\[\Nf (x_1 x_2 \cdots x_k ) =\sum_{i=1}^{k}\sum_{j=1}^{J_i}p_{ij}(x_i )F_{ij}(x_1 , \dots, \widehat{ x}_i ,\dots , x_k ),\N\]\N where all \(p_{ij}\) are \(E(K)\)-polynomials, all \(F_{ij}\) are maps from \(G\) to \(K\) and \(N_i=\max_j \deg p_{ij} \), then \(f \) is a \(K\)-polynomial on \(G\) and \N\[\N\deg f\leq \deg(N_1 ) + \deg(N_2 ) + \cdots+ \deg(N_k )+k-1.\N\]\NRecall that \(K\) is an Abelian group and \(E(K)\) denotes the group of all endomorphisms of \(K\) and the \(F_{ij}:G^{k-1}\to K\) are arbitrary maps.