Quasi-reductive Lie algebras (Q692784)

The paper studies the class of algebraic Lie algebras for which the generic stabilizer of the coadjoint orbit is reductive modulo the center. The goal is to study the classification of coadjoint orbits of reductive type of \(G_\mathbb{K}\) in \(\mathfrak g^\ast\), where \(G\) is an affine algebraic group, \(\mathfrak g\) its Lie algebra, \(\mathfrak g^\ast\) the dual space, \(\mathbb{K}\) a field of characteristic \(0\) and \(G_\mathbb{K}\) the group of \(\mathbb{K}-\) points of \(G\). More precisely, let \(\mathfrak{z}_{\mathfrak g}\) be the center of \(\mathfrak g\), and \(\mathfrak g(g)\subset\mathfrak g\) the centralizer of \(g\in\mathfrak g^\ast\). If one identifies \(\mathfrak g(g)/\mathfrak{z}(\mathfrak g)\) with its image in \(\mathfrak{gl}(\mathfrak g)\), let then \(G(g)/Z_{\mathfrak g}\) be the associated group. A form \(g\in\mathfrak g^\ast\) is said to be of reductive type if \(\mathfrak g(g)/\mathfrak{z}_{\mathfrak g}\) is a reductive subalgebra of \(\mathfrak{gl}(\mathfrak g)\) whose center consists of semi-simple elements of \(\mathfrak{gl}(\mathfrak g)\), or equivalently if \(G(g)/Z_{\mathfrak g}\) is reductive. In this sense, \(\mathfrak g\) is said to be quasi-reductive is there exists a form \(g\in\mathfrak g^\ast\) of reductive type. It is immediate that every reductive \(\mathfrak g\) is quasi-reductive. In the reductive case in particular, assume that \(\mathbb{K}\) is algebraically closed and let \(\mathfrak{h}\) be a Cartan subalgebra. Then the coadjoint orbits of reductive type are parametrized by the orbits in \(\mathfrak{h}^\ast\) of the normalizer \(N_{G_\mathbb{K}}(\mathfrak{h})\) of \(\mathfrak{h}\) in \(G_\mathbb{K}\). The authors prove similar results for the representation theory of quasi-reductive Lie algebras. They also use the simple structure of unimodular quasi-reductive Lie algebras to reduce the classification of coadjoint orbits of reductive type to that of particular reductive subgroups of \(G_\mathbb{K}\), namely those whose conjugacy class depends only on the restriction of the linear forms to the unipotent part of \(\mathfrak{z}_{\mathfrak g}\). Examples are given throughout the paper and make the detailed results and proofs more illustrative. In particular, in section 5, the examples on \(\mathfrak{so}(n,\mathbb{K})\) and \(\mathfrak{sp}(2n,\mathbb{K})\) study the important question of determining which parabolic subalgebras of a simple Lie algebra are quasi-reductive. Erratum: In Corollary 12(ii) and Theorem 13(v) of this article we omitted the hypothesis \(\dim \mathfrak{z}\leq 1\). Moreover, in some places the symbol \(\mathbb{K}\) must be replaced by the symbol \(\mathbb{K}^\times\).